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Questions and Answers
At what age should the anterior fontanels close?
By 30 months of age, how much should a toddler weigh relative to their birth weight?
What significant cognitive developmental stage begins around 2 years of age according to Piaget?
What is the expected range of vocabulary for a toddler at 2 years of age?
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According to Erikson, what developmental stage involves autonomy versus shame and doubt?
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What activity is considered a suitable example of solitary play for toddlers?
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What gross motor skill is expected of a toddler at age 2.5 years?
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At 18 months, what fine motor skill should a toddler be able to perform?
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What concept regarding behavior begins to be understood by toddlers in terms of moral development?
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By what age do toddlers typically appreciate the usefulness of their body parts?
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Study Notes
Physical Development
- At 18 months old, the anterior fontanels close.
- At 30 months, toddlers should weigh 4 times their birth weight, approximately 11.8 kg to 16.3 kg.
- Toddlers grow about 7.5 cm per year.
- Head and chest circumference usually equalize at 2 years old.
Cognitive Development
- At 2 years old, toddlers transition from Piaget's Sensorimotor stage to the Preoperational stage.
- Toddlers develop memories of significant events.
- They learn to follow simple instructions and engage in pretend play.
Language Development
- By 2 years old, toddlers use between 50 and 300 words.
- At 1 year old, toddlers use one-word sentences, known as holophrases.
- At 2 years old, toddlers use two to three-word sentences.
- At 3 years old, toddlers use several words to create simple sentences using grammatical rules.
Psychosocial Development
- Toddlers are in Erikson's Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt stage.
- This stage is characterized by a drive for independence and asserting themselves.
- Developing routines and a sense of security are essential.
Moral Development
- Associated with cognitive development.
- Toddlers begin understanding that others have different perspectives and that good behavior is rewarded.
Self-Concept Development
- Toddlers recognize themselves as separate from parents and explore their environment independently.
Body-Image Changes
- Toddlers understand the functions of different body parts and develop body identity by age 3.
Age-Appropriate Activities
- Toddlers engage in solitary play, often observing others before participating.
- Examples include:
- Filling and emptying containers
- Finger paints
- Clay
- Shape sorters
- Puzzles
Motor Skill Development by Age
Gross Motor Skills
- 15 Months: Walks without help
- 18 Months: Stands on both feet
- 2 Years: Walks and runs easily
- 2.5 Years: Jumps across the floor
Fine Motor Skills
- 15 Months: Uses a cup well
- 18 Months: Builds a tower of two blocks
- 2 Years: Builds a tower of six or seven blocks
- 2.5 Years: Draws circles, turns pages in a book
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Description
Test your knowledge on the physical, cognitive, language, and psychosocial development milestones of toddlers. Explore how toddlers grow, learn, and communicate from 18 months to 3 years. Discover key theories like Piaget's and Erikson's stages in this quiz.
