TMJ and Foot Disorders Assessment

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Questions and Answers

What characteristic symptom is commonly associated with chronic rheumatoid arthritis in the hands?

Unilateral pain in joints

Bone-on-bone contact

Heberden's nodes in the DIP joints

Ulnar deviation of fingers (correct)

Which of the following assessment techniques is used to identify a rotator cuff tear?

Drop Arm sign (correct)

Bursal palpation

Neer's impingement test

Hawkin's impingement test

In the context of osteoarthritis, what are Heberden's nodes?

Swollen knuckles in the PIP joints

Deformities occurring in the wrist

Nodes present in the DIP joints (correct)

Thickened synovial membranes

What symptom is associated with bursitis during an examination?

Tenderness on palpation Signup and view all the answers

What condition is identified by a positive Neer’s impingement test?

Rotator cuff tear Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes osteoarthritis?

It is characterized by degenerative changes in articular cartilage. Signup and view all the answers

Which sign is associated with shoulder pain when performing controlled abduction to shoulder level followed by adduction?

Drop Arm sign Signup and view all the answers

What changes in joints are primarily seen in osteoarthritis?

Bone-on-bone contact Signup and view all the answers

What physical examination finding may indicate a temporomandibular joint disorder?

Unilateral chronic pain with chewing Signup and view all the answers

During the assessment of the foot, what does focal heel tenderness suggest?

Plantar fasciitis Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of a plantar wart?

Small dark spots that create a stippled appearance Signup and view all the answers

What might be a normal finding during palpation of the TMJ?

Audible clicking or snapping during mouth opening Signup and view all the answers

What assessment would you perform to detect range of motion issues in a patient's jaw?

Side-to-side jaw motions Signup and view all the answers

What indicates a rupture of the Achilles tendon during physical assessment?

Defect in the muscle with tenderness Signup and view all the answers

What should the physical examination for common foot problems begin with?

Inspecting for deformities and nodules Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a common presentation of Achilles tendonitis?

Severe foot drop Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a plantar wart from a callus?

A plantar wart is tender when pinched side to side. Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is most commonly associated with Hallux Valgus?

Inflammation of the first metatarsal head. Signup and view all the answers

What symptom is associated with Morton's neuroma?

Burning sensation in the third and fourth toes. Signup and view all the answers

In Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, what is a key clinical feature?

Numbness in the first three fingers. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tests is most sensitive for identifying weakness in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

Weak abduction of the thumb. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about arthritis is accurate?

It causes inflammation, pain, and limited movement in any joint. Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by a positive Tinel’s sign?

Tingling sensation upon tapping over the median nerve. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor significantly increases the risk of developing Hallux Valgus?

High heel footwear. Signup and view all the answers

What condition is indicated by pain with resistance in the biceps on flexion of the elbow to 90 degrees?

Biceps tendonitis Signup and view all the answers

Which test would you perform to assess the strength of the infraspinatus muscle?

Biceps test Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is associated with adhesive capsulitis?

Inability to internally and externally rotate Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected response in inflammatory joint disorders like rheumatoid arthritis?

Symptoms worsen with activity Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint disorder is characterized by pain increasing with activity?

Osteoarthritis Signup and view all the answers

Which condition would likely present with palpable swelling that feels boggy?

Bursitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the indicator for the cross over test?

AC joint arthritis Signup and view all the answers

Sciatica is characterized by which type of pain?

Radiating gluteal and posterior leg pain Signup and view all the answers

What sign is indicated by numbness and tingling when the wrists are held in full flexion for 60 seconds?

Phalen sign Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions commonly presents with tenderness over the sacroiliac joint?

Sacroiliitis Signup and view all the answers

Which nodules are commonly associated with osteoarthritis?

Heberden nodes Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of shoulder pain in primary care settings?

Rotator cuff disorders Signup and view all the answers

What finding is indicated by palpable bogginess of the synovial membrane?

Synovitis Signup and view all the answers

In which condition is lateral deviation and rotation of the head typically observed?

Torticollis Signup and view all the answers

What occurs as a common sign in lateral epicondylitis?

Tenderness over the tendon sheath Signup and view all the answers

Which test is performed by grasping the heel and flexing the knee while cupping the knee joint?

McMurray Test Signup and view all the answers

What does a 'lack of a firm endpoint' during the Anterior Drawer Sign test indicate?

The ACL is no longer intact. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary region affected by Rotator Cuff Tendinitis?

Supraspinatus tendon Signup and view all the answers

During the Lachman Test, which position is crucial for accurately assessing the ACL?

Knee in 15° of flexion Signup and view all the answers

What symptoms are typically reported by patients with a rotator cuff tear?

Chronic shoulder pain and night pain Signup and view all the answers

What maneuver is performed to apply a valgus stress on the medial side of the knee joint?

Externally rotating the lower leg while extending it Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of rotator cuff tendinitis?

Repetitive shoulder motion Signup and view all the answers

When assessing for a meniscus tear, what symptom is relevant during the flexion and extension of the knee?

Audible clicks at the joint line Signup and view all the answers

What muscle's attachment defect can be palpated during a shoulder examination?

Supraspinatus Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorders

Inspect the face and TMJ for swelling, redness, and symmetry.
Assess for unilateral chronic pain with chewing, jaw clenching, or teeth grinding, often accompanied by headache.
Palpate muscles of mastication.
Assess the joint with index fingers in front of the tragus of each ear while the patient opens their mouth.
Assess range of motion (opening, closing, protrusion, retraction, side-to-side).
Normal clicking or snapping is expected, not necessarily indicating a problem.

Foot Problems

Inspect the ankle and foot for deformities, nodules, swelling, calluses, and corns.
Palpate the ankle joint for any swelling and tenderness, focusing on the Achilles tendon for nodules or tenderness.
Assess ankle and foot range of motion (plantar flexion, extension, inversion, eversion).
Achilles Tendonitis: Focal thickening, tenderness in Achilles tendon. Often associated with a protuberant bony process of the calcaneus.
Achilles Rupture: Defect, tenderness, and swelling may indicate a ruptured Achilles tendon.
Plantar Fasciitis: Focal heel tenderness where plantar fascia attaches; pain after rest.
Plantar Wart: Hyperkeratotic lesion caused by human papillomavirus, typically tender when squeezed from side-to-side, but not necessarily when pressed directly. Differentiate from callus.
Gout: Redness, heat, tenderness, and swelling in the big toe (most common), but can affect other joints.
Hallux Valgus: Lateral deviation of the great toe, enlargement of the first metatarsal head (medial side). May form a bursa (bunion). High heels are a risk factor.
Morton's Neuroma: Tenderness between the third and fourth metatarsal heads. Often involves perineural fibrosis (a nerve sheath).

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Clinical features: pain or numbness in the first three fingers, especially at night. May also affect the palmar surface of the thumb, index, middle, and ring fingers.
Potential history of dropping everyday objects.
Assessment: Tinel's sign (tapping the median nerve) and Phalen's maneuver (flexing the wrists forward).

Common Joint Problems (Arthritis)

Arthritis: Inflammation, pain, stiffness, swelling, and restricted movement in a joint.
Rheumatoid Arthritis: Autoimmune disease affecting synovial membranes and joints. Symptoms can be symmetrical. Often involved are ulnar deviation, swollen/thickened knuckles, muscular atrophy, rheumatoid nodules (swelling), swan-neck/boutonniere deformities (joint shape changes).
Osteoarthritis: Degenerative joint disease, especially affects weight-bearing joints. Cartilage deterioration, bone-on-bone contact. Symptoms include Heberden's nodes (DIP joints) and Bouchard's nodes (PIP joints).

Shoulder Disorders

Assessment techniques: Shoulder inspection and palpation in the context of specific clinical tests.
Bursitis/Bursal Tear: Palpable swelling, tenderness over bursitis areas.
Rotator Cuff Sprains, Tears & Tendon Rupture: Common cause of shoulder pain. Look for drop arm sign, Neers impingement, Hawkins impingement. Test for active abduction and flexion.
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder): Inability to internally & externally rotate.

Other Important Information

Sciatica: Pain in the gluteal and posterior leg area, often stemming from nerve root impingement from the L4 to S1 region. Look for signs of inflammation.
Inflammation signs: Swelling, warmth, and redness.
Tenderness: Identifying which anatomical structure is painful, to give a preliminary diagnosis.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the assessment techniques for Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) disorders and common foot problems. Participants will learn to inspect, palpate, and assess the range of motion of these areas, along with recognizing key signs such as swelling and pain. Gain a deeper understanding of how to evaluate these conditions effectively.