32 Questions
What is the microscopic study of tissues called?
Histology
What are the four primary tissue types?
Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous
Which type of tissue covers and protects surfaces, both outside and inside the body?
Epithelial tissue
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epithelial cells?
Contains abundant extracellular matrix
What does a study of histology mainly involve?
Examining tissues under a microscope
Which type of tissue is responsible for covering and protecting surfaces inside and outside the body?
Epithelial tissue
Where is simple squamous epithelium primarily located?
Lining of blood vessels and the heart
Where is pseudostratified squamous epithelium commonly found?
Trachea and bronchi of the lungs
What is the location of non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium?
Mouth, pharynx, and larynx
Where can simple columnar epithelium be found?
Stomach, intestines, and gallbladder
What is the location of transitional epithelium?
Urinary bladder, ureters, and pelvis of the kidney
Where can stratified cuboidal epithelium be found?
Sweat gland ducts and ovarian follicular cells
What is the primary location of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium?
Skin primarily
Where can simple cuboidal epithelium be found?
Kidney tubules and glands
What is the primary location of stratified columnar epithelium?
Mammary gland ducts, larynx, and male urethra
What is a common location for connective tissue?
All parts of the body
What is the maximum resolution of a light microscope?
0.2 μm
What type of microscope uses visible light as the source of illumination?
Light microscope
What distinguishes a compound microscope from a simple microscope?
Use of two sets of lenses
Which type of light microscope has very low magnifying power (up to 300x)?
Simple microscope
Which type of light microscope is commonly known as an ordinary microscope?
Bright-field microscope
Who is considered the 'father of microscopy'?
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Which type of microscope uses visible light as a source of illumination and produces a useful magnification of about 1000 times, but CANNOT resolve structures smaller than about 0.2 µm?
Dark-field microscope
Which type of microscope is used to examine living microorganisms that are invisible in bright-field microscopy by using a darkfield condenser instead of the normal condenser?
Dark-field microscope
Which type of microscope uses light of higher intensity as a light source instead of visible light, and produces a bright image on a dark background after the specimen is stained with a fluorescent dye?
Fluorescence microscope
Which type of microscope uses the electron beam as an illumination source and has a resolving power far greater than that of light microscopes, making it suitable for studying smaller objects such as viruses or molecules smaller than 0.2 µm?
Electron microscope
Which type of electron microscope is used to examine cells and cell structures at very high magnification and resolution, allowing the visualization of individual protein and nucleic acid molecules?
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
Which type of electron microscope is used to observe the external features of an organism by coating the specimen with a thin film of a heavy metal such as gold?
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
Which type of microscope produces a useful magnification of about 1000 times but CANNOT resolve structures smaller than about 0.2 µm?
Dark-field microscope
Which type of microscope is used to observe the ultrastructure of microorganisms, large molecules, biopsy samples, metals, and crystals by using the electron beam as an illumination source?
Electron microscope
Which type of electron microscope is used to obtain magnifications of up to 400,000 times to view cells and cell structures in detail?
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
Which type of electron microscope is used to observe the external features of an organism by coating the specimen with a thin film of a heavy metal such as gold?
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
Study Notes
Histology and Microscopy
- The microscopic study of tissues is called histology
- There are four primary tissue types: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue
Epithelial Tissue
- Epithelial tissue covers and protects surfaces, both outside and inside the body
- Epithelial cells are characterized by being tightly packed, having a free surface, and being avascular
- Epithelial cells do not have the ability to divide and move to a new location
Types of Epithelial Tissue
- Simple squamous epithelium is primarily located in the alveoli of the lungs, kidney glomeruli, and blood vessels
- Pseudostratified squamous epithelium is commonly found in the respiratory tract, particularly in the trachea and bronchi
- Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is located in the oral cavity, esophagus, and vagina
- Simple columnar epithelium can be found in the digestive tract, particularly in the stomach and intestines
- Transitional epithelium is located in the urinary system, specifically in the bladder and ureters
- Stratified cuboidal epithelium can be found in the ducts of glands and the ovaries
- Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is primarily located in the epidermis of the skin
- Simple cuboidal epithelium can be found in the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, and ovarian follicles
- Stratified columnar epithelium is primarily located in the pharynx and larynx
Connective Tissue
- Connective tissue is commonly found in the skin, bones, and/cartilages
Microscopy
- The maximum resolution of a light microscope is 0.2 µm
- A compound microscope uses visible light as the source of illumination and produces a useful magnification of about 1000 times
- A compound microscope is distinguished from a simple microscope by having multiple lenses
- A stereo microscope has very low magnifying power (up to 300x) and is commonly known as an ordinary microscope
- Antonie van Leeuwenhoek is considered the 'father of microscopy'
Types of Microscopes
- A bright-field microscope uses visible light as a source of illumination and produces a useful magnification of about 1000 times, but cannot resolve structures smaller than about 0.2 µm
- A dark-field microscope is used to examine living microorganisms that are invisible in bright-field microscopy by using a darkfield condenser instead of the normal condenser
- A fluorescence microscope uses light of higher intensity as a light source instead of visible light, and produces a bright image on a dark background after the specimen is stained with a fluorescent dye
- A transmission electron microscope (TEM) uses the electron beam as an illumination source and has a resolving power far greater than that of light microscopes, making it suitable for studying smaller objects such as viruses or molecules smaller than 0.2 µm
- A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to examine cells and cell structures at very high magnification and resolution, allowing the visualization of individual protein and nucleic acid molecules
- A transmission electron microscope (TEM) is used to observe the ultrastructure of microorganisms, large molecules, biopsy samples, metals, and crystals by using the electron beam as an illumination source
- A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to obtain magnifications of up to 400,000 times to view cells and cell structures in detail
This quiz covers the general makeup of tissues, the four primary tissue types, and the microscopic study of tissues known as histology. By the end of this section, you should be able to describe the general makeup of a tissue and list the four primary tissue types.
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