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Questions and Answers
What is the basic unit of structure in plants?
What is the basic unit of structure in plants?
- Tissues
- Cells (correct)
- Systems
- Organs
Which tissue system is responsible for protecting the plant?
Which tissue system is responsible for protecting the plant?
- Meristematic tissue system
- Epidermal tissue system (correct)
- Ground tissue system
- Vascular tissue system
Which type of plant exhibits anatomical differences from other types based on their seed structure?
Which type of plant exhibits anatomical differences from other types based on their seed structure?
- Bryophytes
- Pteridophytes
- Gymnosperms
- Dicotyledonous plants (correct)
What has a significant impact on the internal structure of plant tissues?
What has a significant impact on the internal structure of plant tissues?
What are the three main types of tissue systems in flowering plants?
What are the three main types of tissue systems in flowering plants?
What is the study of the internal structure of plants called?
What is the study of the internal structure of plants called?
In terms of internal structure, what is a key characteristic of monocotyledonous plants?
In terms of internal structure, what is a key characteristic of monocotyledonous plants?
Which tissue system is primarily involved in the transport of water and nutrients in plants?
Which tissue system is primarily involved in the transport of water and nutrients in plants?
What material is deposited on the walls of endodermal cells?
What material is deposited on the walls of endodermal cells?
What is the primary role of the pericycle in root structure?
What is the primary role of the pericycle in root structure?
How many patches of xylem and phloem are typically present?
How many patches of xylem and phloem are typically present?
What is the structure that lies next to the endodermis in roots?
What is the structure that lies next to the endodermis in roots?
What is the function of conjuctive tissue in roots?
What is the function of conjuctive tissue in roots?
What characterizes the pith in root structure?
What characterizes the pith in root structure?
What is a characteristic feature of a monocot stem compared to a dicot stem?
What is a characteristic feature of a monocot stem compared to a dicot stem?
Which of the following describes the epidermis in root structure?
Which of the following describes the epidermis in root structure?
Which anatomical feature indicates that a transverse section is from a dicot plant?
Which anatomical feature indicates that a transverse section is from a dicot plant?
What develops between the xylem and phloem during root development?
What develops between the xylem and phloem during root development?
Which of the following correctly identifies the stomatal apparatus?
Which of the following correctly identifies the stomatal apparatus?
Which tissue system in flowering plants is primarily involved in transport?
Which tissue system in flowering plants is primarily involved in transport?
What is primarily absent in the transverse section showing scattered vascular bundles and sclerenchymatous sheaths?
What is primarily absent in the transverse section showing scattered vascular bundles and sclerenchymatous sheaths?
Which of the following is NOT a basic tissue system in flowering plants?
Which of the following is NOT a basic tissue system in flowering plants?
What is the primary function of the cuticle in the epidermis?
What is the primary function of the cuticle in the epidermis?
Which cells are responsible for regulating the opening and closing of stomata?
Which cells are responsible for regulating the opening and closing of stomata?
What structure is formed by the combination of guard cells and surrounding specialized cells?
What structure is formed by the combination of guard cells and surrounding specialized cells?
What is the primary function of the bulliform cells in monocot leaves?
What is the primary function of the bulliform cells in monocot leaves?
How are the outer walls of guard cells different from their inner walls?
How are the outer walls of guard cells different from their inner walls?
Which of the following statements about isobilateral leaves is true?
Which of the following statements about isobilateral leaves is true?
What distinguishes monocotyledonous plants from dicotyledonous plants in terms of vascular bundles?
What distinguishes monocotyledonous plants from dicotyledonous plants in terms of vascular bundles?
Which of the following best describes the arrangement of epidermal cells?
Which of the following best describes the arrangement of epidermal cells?
Which tissue system in plants is primarily responsible for transporting water, minerals, and food?
Which tissue system in plants is primarily responsible for transporting water, minerals, and food?
What role do trichomes and hairs play in the epidermal tissue system?
What role do trichomes and hairs play in the epidermal tissue system?
What happens to bulliform cells when they become flaccid due to water stress?
What happens to bulliform cells when they become flaccid due to water stress?
Which statement about stomata is FALSE?
Which statement about stomata is FALSE?
How are the different types of plant tissues classified?
How are the different types of plant tissues classified?
What characteristic distinguishes the epidermal tissue system from other plant tissues?
What characteristic distinguishes the epidermal tissue system from other plant tissues?
Which part of the plant tissue constitutes the main bulk and includes zones such as cortex and pith?
Which part of the plant tissue constitutes the main bulk and includes zones such as cortex and pith?
What is primarily observed in the vascular bundles of monocot leaves?
What is primarily observed in the vascular bundles of monocot leaves?
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Study Notes
Tissue System in Flowering Plants
- Internal structure of flowering plants studies the organization of tissues.
- Plant tissue types depend on location, structure, and function.
- Three main tissue systems: epidermal, ground (fundamental), and vascular (conducting).
Epidermal Tissue System
- Forms the outermost layer of the plant body.
- Composed of epidermal cells, stomata, and appendages like trichomes.
- Epidermis is typically single-layered and made of elongated parenchymatous cells.
- Contains a cuticle, a waxy layer that prevents water loss, absent in roots.
- Stomata regulate transpiration and gas exchange, consisting of two guard cells enclosing a stomatal pore.
- Guard cells possess chloroplasts and control stomatal opening and closing; some associated cells are known as subsidiary cells.
- Stomatal apparatus includes guard cells, stomatal pore, and surrounding subsidiary cells.
Ground Tissue System
- This system makes up the main bulk of the plant.
- Divided into three zones: cortex, pericycle, and pith.
- Comprises parenchyma which serves storage, support, and gas exchange functions.
- Conjunctive tissue lies between xylem and phloem, essential for structural support.
Vascular Tissue System
- Formed by xylem (water and mineral transport) and phloem (food transport).
- Vascular bundles vary in type, number, and arrangement based on plant type.
- Presence or absence of cambium distinguishes different vascular bundles.
Monocotyledonous vs. Dicotyledonous Plants
- Monocots and dicots exhibit distinct anatomical features.
- Differences in vascular bundles, secondary growth, and internal structure are pronounced.
- Monocot leaves show parallel venation with similar sized vascular bundles, while dicots have varied arrangements.
Special Adaptations
- Bulliform cells in grasses assist in water regulation; turgid cells maintain leaf structure, while flaccid cells cause leaf curling to reduce water loss.
Functions of Plant Tissues
- Tissues primarily assist in food storage, water and mineral transportation, and mechanical support.
Importance of Plant Anatomy
- Understanding plant anatomy aids in comprehending plant functions, adaptations, and responses to the environment.
Study and Exercises
- Encourages practical engagement, such as drawing anatomical differences or identifying plant types through microscopic examination.
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