Tissue Repair and Healing Medicine Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which type of tissue repair involves replacement of damaged tissue by connective fibrous tissue?

Stable

Regeneration

Labile

Repair (correct)

Which type of tissues are continuously being lost and replaced by maturation from stem cells and by proliferation of mature cells?

Permanent tissues

Labile tissues (correct)

Epithelial tissues

Stable tissues

What is the main difference between regeneration and repair in tissue healing?

Regeneration returns tissue to a normal state, while repair involves connective fibrous tissue replacement (correct)

Regeneration involves scar formation, while repair does not

Regeneration is faster than repair

Regeneration only occurs in permanent tissues

Which type of tissue has limited proliferative capacity and is often replaced by scar tissue after injury?

Permanent tissue Signup and view all the answers

How does the heart primarily heal after injury?

By collagenous scar formation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary process of healing in the liver after severe injury?

Regeneration with subsequent scarring if extracellular matrix is damaged Signup and view all the answers

What is the main consequence of accumulation of exuberant amounts of collagen in the skin?

Prominent, raised scars known as keloids Signup and view all the answers

How does the brain primarily heal after injury?

By gliosis and formation of a glial scar Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of damage to the extracellular matrix in the kidney's tubule basement membrane?

Complete regeneration if not destroyed Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the extracellular matrix of the liver is damaged by repeated or severe injury?

Bile ducts proliferate, regenerative nodules form, and collagenous scars become evident Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue is considered terminally differentiated and non-proliferative in postnatal life?

Permanent tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of granulation tissue?

New blood vessels, loose extracellular matrix, inflammatory cells, and fibroblasts Signup and view all the answers

Which phase marks the start of tissue repair?

Inflammation phase Signup and view all the answers

In which type of healing does significant wound contraction occur due to the action of myofibroblasts?

Healing by second intention Signup and view all the answers

Which factors delay wound healing?

Infections, poor nutrition (protein deficiency, vitamin C deficiency), glucocorticoids (steroids), poor perfusion (arteriosclerosis, diabetes), and foreign bodies Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the aberrations of cell growth and ECM production during tissue repair?

Dysplasia Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue repair involves replacement of damaged tissue by connective fibrous tissue?

Repair Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for tissues that are continuously being lost and replaced by maturation from stem cells and by proliferation of mature cells?

Labile tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary outcome of tissue repair in stable tissues?

Scar formation Signup and view all the answers

What does healing primarily refer to?

Restoration of tissue architecture and function after an injury Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of accumulation of exuberant amounts of collagen in the skin?

Formation of prominent, raised scars known as keloids Signup and view all the answers

How does the heart primarily heal after injury?

By collagenous scar formation Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the extracellular matrix of the liver is damaged by repeated or severe injury?

Regenerative nodules form, and collagenous scars become evident Signup and view all the answers

How does the brain primarily heal after injury?

By gliosis and glial scar formation Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue repair involves replacement of damaged tissue by connective fibrous tissue?

Secondary intention healing Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between regeneration and repair in tissue healing?

Repair involves restoration of normal tissue structure while regeneration does not. Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the aberrations of cell growth and ECM production during tissue repair?

Dysplasia Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of granulation tissue?

Mainly composed of new blood vessels and fibroblasts Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue has limited proliferative capacity and is often replaced by scar tissue after injury?

Permanent tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary process of healing in the liver after severe injury?

Formation of granulation tissue Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the extracellular matrix of the liver is damaged by repeated or severe injury?

Formation of fibrous tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which type of healing does significant wound contraction occur due to the action of myofibroblasts?

Healing by second intention Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between regeneration and repair in tissue healing?

Regeneration involves complete restoration of tissue architecture, while repair involves laying down of fibrous tissue. Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of granulation tissue?

New blood vessels, loose ECM, inflammatory cells, and fibroblasts Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary process of healing in the heart after injury?

Formation of granulation tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which factors delay wound healing?

Infections, poor nutrition, glucocorticoids, and foreign bodies Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of damage to the extracellular matrix in the kidney's tubule basement membrane?

Formation of fibrous tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the aberrations of cell growth and ECM production during tissue repair?

Fibrosis Signup and view all the answers

Which type of healing involves replacement of damaged tissue by connective fibrous tissue?

Healing by second intention Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a living organism that lives on or in another living organism for food and shelter, and causes harm to the host?

Parasite Signup and view all the answers

In a basic parasite life cycle, which type requires more than one host, including intermediate hosts?

Indirect life cycle Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a definitive/final host in a parasite life cycle?

Harbors the sexually reproducing stage of the parasite Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an animal that harbors the same parasite species and stage as humans, maintaining the parasite in nature and acting as a potential source of human infection?

Reservoir host Signup and view all the answers

Which type of parasites are most common in causing faeco-oral and food-borne infections?

Protozoa Signup and view all the answers

Which arthropod is responsible for mechanical transmission of diseases by passively carrying microorganisms without development or multiplication?

House fly Signup and view all the answers

In biological transmission, which type involves the organism developing and multiplying in the vector without cyclic changes?

Propagative Signup and view all the answers

Which type of helminth has a tape-shaped, segmented body and is a common example of a parasite?

Cestoda Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission of Giardia lamblia, a common protozoan parasite?

Faeco-oral route Signup and view all the answers

Which arthropod transmits diseases by carrying microorganisms on its mouth parts during feeding?

Mosquitoes Signup and view all the answers

Which type of host harbors the adult (mature) stage of a parasite?

Definitive/Final Host Signup and view all the answers

What type of life cycle requires more than one host, including intermediate hosts?

Indirect life cycle Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a paratenic host in a parasite's life cycle?

Allows parasite to continue development Signup and view all the answers

What type of parasites are Protozoa, Helminth, and Arthropoda?

Eukaryotic parasites Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue repair involves replacement of damaged tissue by connective fibrous tissue?

Secondary intention healing Signup and view all the answers

In biological transmission, which type involves the organism developing and multiplying in the vector without cyclic changes?

Cyclo-developmental Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a living organism that lives on or in another living organism for food and shelter, and causes harm to the host?

Parasite Signup and view all the answers

Which arthropod transmits diseases by carrying microorganisms on its mouth parts during feeding?

Mosquito Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission of Giardia lamblia, a common protozoan parasite?

Faeco-oral transmission Signup and view all the answers

Which type of parasites are most common in causing faeco-oral and food-borne infections?

Protozoa Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a definitive/final host in a parasite life cycle?

To maintain the parasite in nature and act as a potential source of human infection. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of helminth has a tape-shaped, segmented body and is a common example of a parasite?

Cestoda (Tapeworms) Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue repair involves replacement of damaged tissue by connective fibrous tissue?

Secondary intention healing Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the extracellular matrix of the liver is damaged by repeated or severe injury?

Replacement by connective fibrous tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which phase marks the start of tissue repair?

Inflammatory phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a living organism that lives on or in another living organism for food and shelter, and causes harm to the host?

Parasite Signup and view all the answers

In a basic parasite life cycle, which type requires more than one host, including intermediate hosts?

Indirect life cycle Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a definitive/final host in a parasite life cycle?

Harbors adult (mature) stage of parasite Signup and view all the answers

What type of host harbors the larval (immature) stage of a parasite?

Intermediate host Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of transmission of faeco-oral parasites/food-borne parasites (FBP), which is the most common?

Biological transmission by contaminated food and water Signup and view all the answers

Which type of arthropod transmits diseases by carrying microorganisms on its mouth parts during feeding?

Ticks Signup and view all the answers

Which type of helminth has a tape-shaped, segmented body and is a common example of a parasite?

Cestoda (tape) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of parasitic infection according to the text?

Transmission through contaminated food and water Signup and view all the answers

In biological transmission, which type involves the organism developing and multiplying in the vector without cyclic changes?

Propagative transmission Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes diseases that pass from animals to humans either directly or indirectly via a vector?

Zoonotic diseases Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission of parasitic infection acquired according to the text?

Faeco-oral transmission Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between unicellular (protozoa) and multicellular (metazoa) parasites according to the text?

Unicellular parasites multiply within the host, while multicellular parasites do not multiply within the host. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a paratenic host in a parasite's life cycle according to the text?

To maintain the parasite in nature and act as a potential source of human infection. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissue repair involves replacement of damaged tissue by connective fibrous tissue according to the text?

Regenerative tissue repair Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary process for healing after injury in stable tissues according to the text?

Proliferation and maturation from stem cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a paratenic host in a parasite's life cycle?

It plays a role in parasite life cycle but no development of parasite occurs in it Signup and view all the answers

What type of host harbors the larval (immature) stage of a parasite?

Intermediate Host Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission of Giardia lamblia, a common protozoan parasite?

Transmission through contaminated food or water Signup and view all the answers

What is a Reservoir Host in the context of parasitism?

An animal that maintains the parasite in nature and acts as a potential source of human infection Signup and view all the answers

Which arthropod transmits diseases by carrying microorganisms on its mouth parts during feeding?

Mosquito Signup and view all the answers

What type of life cycle requires more than one host, including intermediate hosts?

Biological life cycle Signup and view all the answers

Which type of helminth has a tape-shaped, segmented body and is a common example of a parasite?

Cestode Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission of parasitic infection acquired according to the text?

$Faeco-oral transmission$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a definitive/final host in a parasite life cycle?

$Harbors the adult stage$ Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue repair involves replacement of damaged tissue by connective fibrous tissue?

Secondary healing Signup and view all the answers

What does healing primarily refer to?

Replacement of damaged tissue with scar tissue Signup and view all the answers

How does the brain primarily heal after injury?

Proliferation of neural stem cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for tissues that are continuously being lost and replaced by maturation from stem cells and by proliferation of mature cells?

Labile tissues Signup and view all the answers

In biological transmission, which type involves the organism developing and multiplying in the vector without cyclic changes?

Propagative transmission Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a living organism that lives on or in another living organism for food and shelter, and causes harm to the host?

Parasite Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a living organism that lives on or in another living organism for food and shelter, and causes harm to the host?

Parasite Signup and view all the answers

In a basic parasite life cycle, which type requires more than one host, including intermediate hosts?

Indirect life cycle Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a paratenic host in a parasite's life cycle?

Hosts the parasite without its development occurring Signup and view all the answers

What type of host harbors the adult (mature) stage of a parasite?

Definitive/final host Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission of faeco-oral parasites and food-borne parasites?

Acquired transmission Signup and view all the answers

Which type of arthropod transmits diseases by carrying microorganisms on its mouth parts during feeding?

Ticks Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical importance of arthropods in disease transmission?

They are involved in vector-borne and mechanical transmission of diseases Signup and view all the answers

Which type of helminth has a tape-shaped, segmented body?

Cestoda Signup and view all the answers

What is a paratenic host in a parasite's life cycle?

A host in which the parasite ends blindly, but can continue development in a suitable host Signup and view all the answers

Which type of host harbors the larval (immature) stage of a parasite?

Intermediate Host (IH) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission of parasitic infection acquired according to the text?

Faeco-oral route Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a reservoir host in a parasite's life cycle?

Maintain parasite in nature & act as a potential source of human infection Signup and view all the answers

Which type of host harbors the larval (immature) stage of a parasite?

Intermediate host Signup and view all the answers

In biological transmission, which type involves the organism developing and multiplying in the vector without cyclic changes?

Propagative Signup and view all the answers

What is the main consequence of accumulation of exuberant amounts of collagen in the skin?

Formation of scar tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an animal that harbors the same parasite species and stage as humans, maintaining the parasite in nature and acting as a potential source of human infection?

Reservoir host Signup and view all the answers

What type of parasites are most common in causing faeco-oral and food-borne infections?

(Protozoa) Unicellular parasites Signup and view all the answers

In a basic parasite life cycle, which type requires more than one host, including intermediate hosts?

(Metazoa) Multicellular parasites Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary process of healing in the liver after severe injury?

Fibrosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a definitive/final host in a parasite life cycle?

A potential source of human infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between regeneration and repair in tissue healing?

Involvement of scar tissue Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Stable tissues: quiescent cells, capable of proliferating in response to injury or loss of tissue mass, examples include parenchyma of most solid tissues (liver, kidney, and pancreas), endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells.
Permanent tissues: non-dividing cells, considered terminally differentiated and non-proliferative in postnatal life, examples include neurons and striated muscle cells (skeletal & heart muscle).
Injury to tissues: damage to both parenchymal cells and the stromal framework (extracellular matrix).
Tissue repair: starts with the formation of granulation tissue and culminates in the laying down of fibrous tissue.
Granulation tissue: pink, soft, granular appearance, composed of new blood vessels, loose extracellular matrix, inflammatory cells, and fibroblasts.
Tissue healing: phases of inflammation, granulation tissue formation, and ECM deposition and remodeling.
Healing by first intention: clean, uninfected surgical incision, minimal tissue disruption, small scar, minimal wound contraction.
Healing by second intention: extensive cell or tissue loss, larger clot, more intense inflammation, abundant granulation tissue, large scar, significant wound contraction by the action of myofibroblasts.
Factors delaying wound healing: infections, poor nutrition (protein deficiency, vitamin C deficiency), glucocorticoids (steroids), poor perfusion (arteriosclerosis, diabetes), and foreign bodies.
Complications of tissue repair: aberrations of cell growth and ECM production, examples include: fibrosis, keloids, scar contractures, and chronic wounds.
Stable tissues: quiescent cells, capable of proliferating in response to injury or loss of tissue mass, examples include parenchyma of most solid tissues (liver, kidney, and pancreas), endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells.
Permanent tissues: non-dividing cells, considered terminally differentiated and non-proliferative in postnatal life, examples include neurons and striated muscle cells (skeletal & heart muscle).
Injury to tissues: damage to both parenchymal cells and the stromal framework (extracellular matrix).
Tissue repair: starts with the formation of granulation tissue and culminates in the laying down of fibrous tissue.
Granulation tissue: pink, soft, granular appearance, composed of new blood vessels, loose extracellular matrix, inflammatory cells, and fibroblasts.
Tissue healing: phases of inflammation, granulation tissue formation, and ECM deposition and remodeling.
Healing by first intention: clean, uninfected surgical incision, minimal tissue disruption, small scar, minimal wound contraction.
Healing by second intention: extensive cell or tissue loss, larger clot, more intense inflammation, abundant granulation tissue, large scar, significant wound contraction by the action of myofibroblasts.
Factors delaying wound healing: infections, poor nutrition (protein deficiency, vitamin C deficiency), glucocorticoids (steroids), poor perfusion (arteriosclerosis, diabetes), and foreign bodies.
Complications of tissue repair: aberrations of cell growth and ECM production, examples include: fibrosis, keloids, scar contractures, and chronic wounds.

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Description

Test your knowledge about tissue repair and healing in medicine with a focus on different tissue types and the outcomes of tissue repair. Explore how labile and stable tissues undergo repair and learn about the process of tissue repair.