Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of tire has the most stable footprint?
Which type of tire has the most stable footprint?
Radial ply
In a P-metric tire size designation, what do the last two digits represent?
In a P-metric tire size designation, what do the last two digits represent?
Rim or wheel diameter
The relationship of tire height to its width is called its...
The relationship of tire height to its width is called its...
Aspect ratio
The two sections of a standard wheel are the rim and the...
The two sections of a standard wheel are the rim and the...
What is an example of road damage?
What is an example of road damage?
What is a cause of tire vibration?
What is a cause of tire vibration?
If wheel lateral runout exceeds __________, it should be normally be replaced.
If wheel lateral runout exceeds __________, it should be normally be replaced.
Which pattern indicates that the tire was consistently underinflated?
Which pattern indicates that the tire was consistently underinflated?
Cold inflation pressure of a tire should be _______ the maximum.
Cold inflation pressure of a tire should be _______ the maximum.
Wheel lugs and nuts usually have left-hand threads.
Wheel lugs and nuts usually have left-hand threads.
On a non-driving wheel assembly, the wheel and hub spin freely on the spindle.
On a non-driving wheel assembly, the wheel and hub spin freely on the spindle.
A wheel with a safety rim has small ridges to hold the tire bead in place if a blowout occurs.
A wheel with a safety rim has small ridges to hold the tire bead in place if a blowout occurs.
An air chuck is the spring-loaded valve threaded into a tire's valve stem.
An air chuck is the spring-loaded valve threaded into a tire's valve stem.
The drop-center style of wheel is most common on passenger vehicles.
The drop-center style of wheel is most common on passenger vehicles.
The primary purpose of a wheel cover is appearance.
The primary purpose of a wheel cover is appearance.
A thumping sound while driving indicates a tire problem.
A thumping sound while driving indicates a tire problem.
Wheel lug nuts should be tightened in order, moving clockwise.
Wheel lug nuts should be tightened in order, moving clockwise.
Static imbalance will cause a tire to both hop and shimmy.
Static imbalance will cause a tire to both hop and shimmy.
When pressing a wheel bearing in or out, force applied to the wrong race could damage the bearing.
When pressing a wheel bearing in or out, force applied to the wrong race could damage the bearing.
Lug nuts thread onto lug ______ to hold the wheel and tire assembly on the hub.
Lug nuts thread onto lug ______ to hold the wheel and tire assembly on the hub.
Most modern spare tires are designed for ________ use only.
Most modern spare tires are designed for ________ use only.
A tire with an 'A' traction classification will provide the ______ traction.
A tire with an 'A' traction classification will provide the ______ traction.
Wheels are balanced by adding ____________ opposite any heavy areas.
Wheels are balanced by adding ____________ opposite any heavy areas.
For safety, never ______ a tire when it is lying on the floor.
For safety, never ______ a tire when it is lying on the floor.
Whenever possible, use a ________ tool to install new bearing races or grease seals.
Whenever possible, use a ________ tool to install new bearing races or grease seals.
Nut threaded on end of spindle to adjust bearing preload.
Nut threaded on end of spindle to adjust bearing preload.
Anti-friction elements, usually tapered rollers.
Anti-friction elements, usually tapered rollers.
Component that prevents lubricant loss from inner end of hub.
Component that prevents lubricant loss from inner end of hub.
Metal cup placed over outer end of hub to keep dirt out of bearings.
Metal cup placed over outer end of hub to keep dirt out of bearings.
Outer housing that holds brake disc or drum, wheel, and wheel bearings.
Outer housing that holds brake disc or drum, wheel, and wheel bearings.
Stationary shaft extending out from steering knuckle or suspension system.
Stationary shaft extending out from steering knuckle or suspension system.
Flat disc of metal that keeps outer wheel bearing from rubbing on adjusting nut.
Flat disc of metal that keeps outer wheel bearing from rubbing on adjusting nut.
Thin, slotted nut that fits over the spindle adjusting nut.
Thin, slotted nut that fits over the spindle adjusting nut.
Soft metal fastener threaded through hole in spindle, adjusting nut, and nut lock.
Soft metal fastener threaded through hole in spindle, adjusting nut, and nut lock.
Repair practice that is no longer recommended.
Repair practice that is no longer recommended.
Up-and-down tire movement due to static imbalance.
Up-and-down tire movement due to static imbalance.
Tire wear pattern typically caused by worn shocks or improperly balanced wheels.
Tire wear pattern typically caused by worn shocks or improperly balanced wheels.
Side-to-side movement of wheel or tire.
Side-to-side movement of wheel or tire.
Changing tire locations to equalize wear.
Changing tire locations to equalize wear.
Side-to-side vibration of wheel due to dynamic imbalance.
Side-to-side vibration of wheel due to dynamic imbalance.
Study Notes
Tire Construction and Features
- Radial ply tires provide the most stable footprint.
- In P-metric tire size designations, the last two digits indicate the rim or wheel diameter.
- The aspect ratio defines the relationship of tire height to width.
- Standard wheel sections include the rim and spider.
Tire Problems and Indicators
- Common road damage to tires includes punctures.
- Low inflation pressure is a significant cause of tire vibration.
- Tires exhibiting wear along the outer tread area may have been consistently underinflated.
- A thumping sound while driving often signals a tire problem.
Tire Maintenance and Safety
- Recommended cold inflation pressure should be 1-3 psi below the maximum.
- If wheel lateral runout exceeds 0.045 inches, replacement is advised.
- Balancing wheels involves adding wheel weights opposite heavy areas.
Wheel and Tire Assembly
- Wheel lugs and nuts typically have right-hand threads.
- On non-driving wheel assemblies, the wheel and hub can spin freely on the spindle.
- Safety rims feature small ridges to hold the tire bead during a blowout.
- Lug nuts thread onto studs to secure the wheel and tire assembly on the hub.
Tire Use and Limitations
- Most modern spare tires are designed for temporary use only.
- A tire with an "A" traction classification offers the most traction.
- Never inflate a tire when it's lying on the floor due to safety concerns.
Bearings and Seals
- Wheel bearings typically consist of anti-friction elements like tapered rollers.
- A grease seal prevents lubricant loss from the inner end of the hub.
- The dust cap protects bearings by keeping dirt out, while the safety washer prevents rubbing against the adjusting nut.
Assembly and Adjustment Components
- The spindle adjusting nut is a nut used on the spindle to adjust bearing preload.
- A nut lock secures the spindle adjusting nut, while a cotter pin acts as a soft metal fastener threaded through the spindle, adjusting nut, and nut lock.
Tire Repair and Handling
- Plugging is a repair method that is no longer recommended due to safety concerns.
- Tramp refers to the up-and-down tire movement caused by static imbalance.
- Cupping tire wear is typically a result of worn shocks or improperly balanced wheels.
- Rotation involves changing tire locations to equalize wear, while shimmy describes side-to-side vibration caused by dynamic imbalance.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge of tire specifications and terminology with these flashcards from Chapters 74 and 75. Learn key concepts such as aspect ratio and tire types to enhance your understanding of automotive tires.
