Time Conversion Quiz

Input and Output

• The program prompts the user to enter an integer for seconds, converts the input into minutes and seconds, and displays the result.
• Example: 150 seconds is converted to 2 minutes and 30 seconds.

Note

• Calculations involving floating-point numbers are approximated because these numbers are not stored with complete accuracy.
• Integers are stored precisely, and calculations with integers yield a precise integer result.

Overflow/Underflow

• Overflow occurs when a variable is assigned a value that is too large to be stored, causing an OverflowError.
• Underflow occurs when a floating-point number is too small to be stored, and Python approximates it to zero.

Scientific Notation

• Floating-point literals can be specified in scientific notation.

IPO (Input, Process, and Output)

• Most programs perform three steps: Input, Process, and Output.
• Input is to receive input from the user, Process is to produce results using the input, and Output is to display the results.

Input Function

• The input function is used to ask the user to input a value, and then returns the value entered as a string.
• Example: variable = input("Enter a value: ")

Caution

• It matters if a numeric value is being stored as a string, not a number.
• Example: count is not defined, and the code is wrong.

Case-Sensitivity

• Python is case-sensitive, meaning interestRate and interestrate are two different variables.

Simultaneous Assignment

• Python supports simultaneous assignment, which evaluates all expressions on the right and assigns them to the corresponding variables on the left simultaneously.
• Example: x, y, name = 15, 20.5, "Ahmad Khoj"

Swapping Variable Values

• Simultaneous assignment can be used to swap variable values, simplifying the task.
• Example: x, y = y, x

Obtaining Multiple Input in One Statement

• Simultaneous assignment can be used to obtain multiple input in one statement.
• Example: number1, number2, number3 = eval(input("Enter three numbers separated by commas: "))

Check Point

• The average of three numbers can be computed using simultaneous assignment and input.
• Example: Enter three numbers separated by commas: 1, 2, 3 returns The average of 1 2 3 is 2.0

Named Constants

• A named constant is an identifier that represents a permanent value, and is typically named using all uppercase letters and underscores.
• Example: PI = 3.14159

Numeric Data Types

• A number with a decimal point is a float, even if its fractional part is 0.
• Example: 1.0 is a float, but 1 is an integer.

How to Evaluate an Expression

• Expressions are evaluated following the order of operations (parentheses, multiplication, addition, and subtraction).
• Example: 3 + 4 * 4 + 5 * (4 + 3) - 1 is evaluated to 53.

Augmented Assignment Operators

• Augmented assignment operators (e.g. +=, -=, *=) perform an operation and assign the result to the variable.
• Note: There are no spaces in the augmented assignment operators.

Type Conversions

• Python automatically converts an integer to a float value when involved in a binary operation with a float.
• Example: 3 * 4.5 is the same as 3.0 * 4.5