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Questions and Answers
After hiking for hours, the group realized they ______ their map at the last rest stop, leaving them lost in an unfamiliar forest as night was falling.
After hiking for hours, the group realized they ______ their map at the last rest stop, leaving them lost in an unfamiliar forest as night was falling.
had left
By the time the firefighters arrive, the old factory ______ for over an hour, threatening to spread to nearby residential areas.
By the time the firefighters arrive, the old factory ______ for over an hour, threatening to spread to nearby residential areas.
will have been burning
If the pilot ______ the emergency landing procedures correctly, the plane wouldn't have skidded off the runway during the thunderstorm.
If the pilot ______ the emergency landing procedures correctly, the plane wouldn't have skidded off the runway during the thunderstorm.
had followed
The chef ______ the restaurant's signature dish for months, adjusting spices and cooking times, before unveiling it at the international food competition.
The chef ______ the restaurant's signature dish for months, adjusting spices and cooking times, before unveiling it at the international food competition.
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Before the power outage struck the hospital, the backup generator ______ properly during its last maintenance check.
Before the power outage struck the hospital, the backup generator ______ properly during its last maintenance check.
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By next year, the bridge ______ under construction for a decade, facing delays due to funding issues, worker strikes, and unexpected geological challenges.
By next year, the bridge ______ under construction for a decade, facing delays due to funding issues, worker strikes, and unexpected geological challenges.
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The defendant claimed he ______ at home during the robbery, but security footage showed him near the crime scene just minutes before it occurred.
The defendant claimed he ______ at home during the robbery, but security footage showed him near the crime scene just minutes before it occurred.
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If the scientists' predictions are correct, the asteroid ______ Earth's atmosphere by the time the public is informed about its approach.
If the scientists' predictions are correct, the asteroid ______ Earth's atmosphere by the time the public is informed about its approach.
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The spy ______ the confidential documents before the alarm was triggered, but he was caught while trying to escape the building.
The spy ______ the confidential documents before the alarm was triggered, but he was caught while trying to escape the building.
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By the time the rescue team reaches the trapped miners, they ______ underground for over 72 hours with limited food and water.
By the time the rescue team reaches the trapped miners, they ______ underground for over 72 hours with limited food and water.
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The student realized she ______ for the wrong exam all night when she saw the questions on the test paper the next morning.
The student realized she ______ for the wrong exam all night when she saw the questions on the test paper the next morning.
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If the city planners ______ the potential for flooding, the new subway system wouldn't have been paralyzed during the heavy rainstorm.
If the city planners ______ the potential for flooding, the new subway system wouldn't have been paralyzed during the heavy rainstorm.
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The actor ______ his lines perfectly during rehearsals, but forgot them completely when he stepped onto the stage on opening night.
The actor ______ his lines perfectly during rehearsals, but forgot them completely when he stepped onto the stage on opening night.
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By the time the company fixes the software bug, hackers ______ sensitive user data for weeks without anyone noticing.
By the time the company fixes the software bug, hackers ______ sensitive user data for weeks without anyone noticing.
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When the archaeologist finally opened the ancient tomb, she discovered that grave robbers ______ most of the valuable artifacts centuries ago.
When the archaeologist finally opened the ancient tomb, she discovered that grave robbers ______ most of the valuable artifacts centuries ago.
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The hiker ______ his water supply before reaching the halfway point of the trail, forcing him to drink from an untested stream.
The hiker ______ his water supply before reaching the halfway point of the trail, forcing him to drink from an untested stream.
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By the time the hurricane makes landfall, most coastal residents ______ to safer inland areas, leaving ghost towns behind.
By the time the hurricane makes landfall, most coastal residents ______ to safer inland areas, leaving ghost towns behind.
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If the mechanic ______ the faulty brake line during the routine inspection, the tragic accident could have been prevented.
If the mechanic ______ the faulty brake line during the routine inspection, the tragic accident could have been prevented.
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The politician ______ his controversial statement moments after making it, but the media had already begun spreading the news.
The politician ______ his controversial statement moments after making it, but the media had already begun spreading the news.
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Before the championship game, the star player ______ from a severe ankle injury, unknown to both his team and the opponents.
Before the championship game, the star player ______ from a severe ankle injury, unknown to both his team and the opponents.
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By next month, the construction crew ______ on the skyscraper for five years, facing numerous setbacks including material shortages and labor disputes.
By next month, the construction crew ______ on the skyscraper for five years, facing numerous setbacks including material shortages and labor disputes.
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The witness claimed she ______ the entire incident from her apartment window, but her story conflicted with the security camera footage.
The witness claimed she ______ the entire incident from her apartment window, but her story conflicted with the security camera footage.
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If the weather forecast ______ accurate, the outdoor wedding wouldn't have been ruined by the unexpected downpour.
If the weather forecast ______ accurate, the outdoor wedding wouldn't have been ruined by the unexpected downpour.
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The surgeon ______ the complicated procedure countless times in virtual reality before attempting it on the actual patient.
The surgeon ______ the complicated procedure countless times in virtual reality before attempting it on the actual patient.
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By the time the antidote is developed, the rare poison ______ through the patient's system for over 48 hours, causing irreversible damage.
By the time the antidote is developed, the rare poison ______ through the patient's system for over 48 hours, causing irreversible damage.
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The spy ______ the encrypted message just moments before being discovered, narrowly avoiding capture.
The spy ______ the encrypted message just moments before being discovered, narrowly avoiding capture.
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By the time the art forgery is exposed, the fake painting ______ in the museum for over a decade, fooling experts and visitors alike.
By the time the art forgery is exposed, the fake painting ______ in the museum for over a decade, fooling experts and visitors alike.
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If the captain ______ the iceberg warning, the Titanic might not have sunk on its maiden voyage.
If the captain ______ the iceberg warning, the Titanic might not have sunk on its maiden voyage.
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The athlete ______ her personal best time during practice, but failed to replicate it during the actual competition due to nerves.
The athlete ______ her personal best time during practice, but failed to replicate it during the actual competition due to nerves.
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Before the crucial vote, the senator ______ with lobbyists from both sides, weighing the potential consequences of each decision.
Before the crucial vote, the senator ______ with lobbyists from both sides, weighing the potential consequences of each decision.
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By next election, the controversial politician ______ in office for two tumultuous terms, leaving a divided legacy.
By next election, the controversial politician ______ in office for two tumultuous terms, leaving a divided legacy.
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The defendant claimed he ______ the stolen jewels in a dumpster, but police found them hidden in his apartment during a raid.
The defendant claimed he ______ the stolen jewels in a dumpster, but police found them hidden in his apartment during a raid.
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If the engineers ______ the structural weakness in the bridge design, the catastrophic collapse could have been prevented.
If the engineers ______ the structural weakness in the bridge design, the catastrophic collapse could have been prevented.
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The chef ______ the secret ingredient to his award-winning recipe just hours before the cooking competition began.
The chef ______ the secret ingredient to his award-winning recipe just hours before the cooking competition began.
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By the time the rescue team reaches the trapped spelunkers, they ______ in the dark, flooded cave for over 72 hours.
By the time the rescue team reaches the trapped spelunkers, they ______ in the dark, flooded cave for over 72 hours.
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The novelist ______ the ending of her book three times before submitting it to the publisher, still unsure if it was the right choice.
The novelist ______ the ending of her book three times before submitting it to the publisher, still unsure if it was the right choice.
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If the security guard ______ his rounds on time, he might have caught the thieves in the act of stealing the priceless artifact.
If the security guard ______ his rounds on time, he might have caught the thieves in the act of stealing the priceless artifact.
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The mountaineer ______ all necessary precautions before attempting the treacherous climb, yet still encountered unexpected challenges.
The mountaineer ______ all necessary precautions before attempting the treacherous climb, yet still encountered unexpected challenges.
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By the time the clinical trial concludes, the new drug ______ on thousands of patients, providing crucial data on its efficacy and side effects.
By the time the clinical trial concludes, the new drug ______ on thousands of patients, providing crucial data on its efficacy and side effects.
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When the time capsule was finally opened, the historians discovered that moisture ______ many of the enclosed documents, rendering them illegible.
When the time capsule was finally opened, the historians discovered that moisture ______ many of the enclosed documents, rendering them illegible.
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The space station ______ around Earth every 92 minutes, constantly collecting data on our planet's atmosphere.
The space station ______ around Earth every 92 minutes, constantly collecting data on our planet's atmosphere.
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As we speak, scientists ______ a groundbreaking experiment that could revolutionize our understanding of quantum mechanics.
As we speak, scientists ______ a groundbreaking experiment that could revolutionize our understanding of quantum mechanics.
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The company ______ its production methods three times this year, always striving for greater efficiency.
The company ______ its production methods three times this year, always striving for greater efficiency.
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For the past decade, geologists ______ data on seismic activity in the region, hoping to predict future earthquakes.
For the past decade, geologists ______ data on seismic activity in the region, hoping to predict future earthquakes.
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During last night's storm, a lightning bolt ______ the old oak tree, splitting it in half.
During last night's storm, a lightning bolt ______ the old oak tree, splitting it in half.
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While the president ______ his speech, protesters outside the building grew increasingly vocal.
While the president ______ his speech, protesters outside the building grew increasingly vocal.
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By the time the fire department arrived, the blaze ______ to three adjacent buildings.
By the time the fire department arrived, the blaze ______ to three adjacent buildings.
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The undercover agent ______ the criminal organization for months before finally gathering enough evidence for arrests.
The undercover agent ______ the criminal organization for months before finally gathering enough evidence for arrests.
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According to the latest forecast, heavy snow ______ our region by tomorrow morning.
According to the latest forecast, heavy snow ______ our region by tomorrow morning.
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The city ______ to implement a new public transportation system next year to reduce traffic congestion.
The city ______ to implement a new public transportation system next year to reduce traffic congestion.
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This time next week, we ______ on a beach in Bali, enjoying our long-awaited vacation.
This time next week, we ______ on a beach in Bali, enjoying our long-awaited vacation.
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By the end of this century, sea levels ______ significantly due to climate change, threatening coastal cities.
By the end of this century, sea levels ______ significantly due to climate change, threatening coastal cities.
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The rare butterfly ______ only in this small forest, making conservation efforts crucial for its survival.
The rare butterfly ______ only in this small forest, making conservation efforts crucial for its survival.
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As temperatures rise, glaciers around the world ______ at an alarming rate.
As temperatures rise, glaciers around the world ______ at an alarming rate.
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Since its discovery, this new antibiotic ______ effective against several drug-resistant bacteria strains.
Since its discovery, this new antibiotic ______ effective against several drug-resistant bacteria strains.
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For the last five years, engineers ______ to develop a more efficient electric car battery.
For the last five years, engineers ______ to develop a more efficient electric car battery.
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When the power grid failed, the entire city ______ into darkness for several hours.
When the power grid failed, the entire city ______ into darkness for several hours.
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While the surgeon ______ the delicate procedure, the patient's vital signs suddenly dropped.
While the surgeon ______ the delicate procedure, the patient's vital signs suddenly dropped.
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The athlete realized he ______ his lucky charm at home just moments before the race began.
The athlete realized he ______ his lucky charm at home just moments before the race began.
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The undercover journalist ______ the corrupt organization for months before publishing her exposé.
The undercover journalist ______ the corrupt organization for months before publishing her exposé.
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Study Notes
Time Clauses and Conditional Sentences
- Past perfect tense is used to describe an action that happened before another action in the past.
- "Had + Past Participle" is used for the past perfect tense.
- Conditional sentences use different tenses to express hypothetical situations or conditions.
- If-clauses with the past perfect describe hypothetical actions in the past.
- "Had + Past participle" is used in the past perfect tense in if-clauses.
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Description
Test your understanding of time clauses and conditional sentences. This quiz covers the use of the past perfect tense and its role in expressing hypothetical situations. Challenge yourself with questions about if-clauses and their structures.
