Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which scenario would most likely occur given the anatomical structure of the tibiotalar joint?
Which scenario would most likely occur given the anatomical structure of the tibiotalar joint?
- Decreased stability in dorsiflexion due to the narrower posterior aspect of the talus being engaged in the ankle mortise.
- Equal stability in both dorsiflexion and plantar flexion, as the talus maintains constant contact with the tibia and fibula.
- Greater range of motion in plantar flexion compared to dorsiflexion, as the posterior aspect of the talus is narrower within the mortise. (correct)
- Increased stability in plantar flexion due to the wider anterior aspect of the talus being fully engaged in the ankle mortise.
A patient exhibits weakness in foot eversion and plantar flexion. Which muscle is LEAST likely to be involved?
A patient exhibits weakness in foot eversion and plantar flexion. Which muscle is LEAST likely to be involved?
- Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus
- Fibularis (Peroneus) Brevis
- Tibialis Posterior (correct)
- Gastrocnemius
Following a traumatic injury, a patient presents with impaired dorsiflexion and an inability to maintain a heel strike during ambulation. Which muscle is MOST likely affected?
Following a traumatic injury, a patient presents with impaired dorsiflexion and an inability to maintain a heel strike during ambulation. Which muscle is MOST likely affected?
- Tibialis Anterior (correct)
- Fibularis (Peroneus) Longus
- Soleus
- Gastrocnemius
Which of the following muscles contributes to both plantar flexion of the ankle and inversion at the subtalar joint?
Which of the following muscles contributes to both plantar flexion of the ankle and inversion at the subtalar joint?
A patient is diagnosed with plantar fasciitis. Which structure provides the LEAST direct support to the plantar fascia?
A patient is diagnosed with plantar fasciitis. Which structure provides the LEAST direct support to the plantar fascia?
If a patient has weakness in the muscles associated with the lateral column of the foot, what would be the MOST likely observable symptom?
If a patient has weakness in the muscles associated with the lateral column of the foot, what would be the MOST likely observable symptom?
Which of the following statements BEST describes the functional interaction between the tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior during gait?
Which of the following statements BEST describes the functional interaction between the tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior during gait?
A patient presents with pain along the medial aspect of their foot and displays a flattened medial longitudinal arch. Dysfunction of which ligament would MOST likely contribute to this condition?
A patient presents with pain along the medial aspect of their foot and displays a flattened medial longitudinal arch. Dysfunction of which ligament would MOST likely contribute to this condition?
How does the anatomical arrangement of the ankle mortise affect joint stability and range of motion during dorsiflexion and plantar flexion?
How does the anatomical arrangement of the ankle mortise affect joint stability and range of motion during dorsiflexion and plantar flexion?
Which of the following accurately describes the components of the medial and lateral columns of the foot and their primary functional roles?
Which of the following accurately describes the components of the medial and lateral columns of the foot and their primary functional roles?
Flashcards
Dorsiflexion
Dorsiflexion
Motion at the tibiotalar joint where the foot moves upwards, decreasing the angle between the foot and the leg.
Major Dorsiflexors
Major Dorsiflexors
Muscles primarily responsible for dorsiflexion: tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, and extensor hallucis longus.
Plantar Flexion
Plantar Flexion
Motion at the tibiotalar joint where the foot moves downwards, increasing the angle between the foot and the leg.
Major Plantar Flexors
Major Plantar Flexors
Signup and view all the flashcards
Subtalar Joint
Subtalar Joint
Signup and view all the flashcards
Inversion
Inversion
Signup and view all the flashcards
Major Inverters
Major Inverters
Signup and view all the flashcards
Eversion
Eversion
Signup and view all the flashcards
Major Everters
Major Everters
Signup and view all the flashcards
Tibiotalar Articulation
Tibiotalar Articulation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Motions at the Tibiotalar Joint: Dorsiflexion
- Major dorsiflexors: anterior tibialis, extensor digitorum longus, and extensor hallucis longus.
- Anterior tibialis: descends from the anterior tibia, inserts on the medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal on the foot's medial aspect.
- Extensor digitorum longus: lateral to the anterior tibialis, inserts on the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th phalanges.
- Extensor hallucis longus: deep to the other muscles, runs to the dorsal aspect of the first phalanx (big toe).
Motions at the Tibiotalar Joint: Plantar Flexion
- Major plantar flexors: gastrocnemius and soleus.
- Gastrocnemius: superficial with medial and lateral heads originating on the posterior distal femur; joins with the soleus tendon to form the Achilles tendon, inserting on the posterior calcaneus.
- Soleus: originates from the posterior tibia and runs down to the posterior calcaneus; does not cross the posterior knee joint.
- Plantaris: a minor plantar flexor, located between the gastrocnemius and soleus.
- Other contributors to plantar flexion: fibularis longus (eversion) and posterior tibialis (inversion).
Subtalar Joint: Inversion and Eversion
- Major inverters: tibialis anterior (dorsiflexor) and tibialis posterior (plantar flexor).
- Other contributors to inversion: flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus.
- Major everters: fibularis longus, fibularis brevis (most powerful), and fibularis tertius.
- Minor contribution from extensor digitorum longus.
Tibiotalar Articulation
- Composed of the distal fibula and tibia articulating with the talus.
- The trochlear surface of the talus fits into a square notch formed by the tibia and fibula.
- The anterior aspect of the talus is wider and fits snugly in the ankle mortise during dorsiflexion, providing stability.
- The posterior aspect of the talus is narrower, allowing more room and instability when in the ankle mortise, which occurs during plantar flexion.
Sections of the Foot and Ankle
- Hindfoot: talus and calcaneus.
- Midfoot: cuboid, navicular, medial/intermediate/lateral cuneiforms.
- Forefoot: metatarsals and phalanges.
Relationships of the Foot and Ankle
- Articular surface of the calcaneus articulates with the talus.
- Navicular articulates with the talus.
- Cuboid articulates with the calcaneus.
- Navicular articulates with the cuneiforms (lateral, intermediate, and medial).
- Transverse tarsal joint (Chopart joint): articulation between the calcaneus & cuboid and the talus & navicular.
Medial and Lateral Columns of the Foot
- Medial column: first three metatarsals, cuneiforms, and talus.
- Lateral column: fourth and fifth metatarsals, cuboid, and calcaneus.
Arches of the Foot
- Medial longitudinal arch: calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuneiforms, and first three metatarsals.
- Lateral longitudinal arch: calcaneus, cuboid, and fourth and fifth metatarsals.
- Transverse arch: cuboid, cuneiforms, and metatarsals at the tarsal-metatarsal joints
Static Stabilizers of the Longitudinal Arch
- Long plantar aponeurosis (most superficial).
- Long plantar ligament (deep to the aponeurosis).
- Plantar calcaneocuboid ligament (short plantar ligament; deeper still).
- Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament; between the navicular and calcaneus).
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
