Thyroid Hormone Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of calcitonin?

  • Increase blood calcium levels
  • Enhance calcium resorption from bone
  • Stimulate intestinal absorption of calcium
  • Decrease blood calcium levels (correct)

Which hormone is released in response to increased stress levels?

  • Estrogen
  • Calcitonin
  • Cortisol (correct)
  • Insulin

Which hormone is produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas?

  • Insulin
  • Aldosterone
  • Cortisol
  • Glucagon (correct)

Which hormone from the adrenal cortex regulates water and electrolyte balance?

<p>Aldosterone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of parathyroid hormone?

<p>Increase calcium levels in the blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of insulin secreted by the pancreas?

<p>Facilitates glucose absorption into cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do catecholamines from the adrenal medulla play in the body?

<p>Prepare the body for short-term stress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does parathyroid hormone affect bone cells?

<p>Stimulates osteoclasts to remove calcium from bone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone produced by the adrenal cortex helps resist long-term stressors?

<p>Cortisol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone helps regulate calcium absorption in both the kidneys and intestines?

<p>Parathyroid hormone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone secreted by the thymus is involved in the development of the immune system?

<p>Thymosin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is estrogen primarily produced in females?

<p>Ovaries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to hormone production as people age?

<p>Growth hormone production declines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of calcitonin in the body?

<p>Lowering blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclast activity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a stress response, which hormone is primarily secreted by the adrenal cortex?

<p>Cortisol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does insulin play within the pancreatic islets?

<p>Facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

<p>Increases blood calcium levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone produced by the adrenal cortex is involved in sodium retention and potassium excretion?

<p>Aldosterone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary trigger for the release of insulin from the pancreas?

<p>Increased blood sugar levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone helps to raise blood calcium levels during periods of low calcium availability?

<p>Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physiological changes are influenced by cortisol during stress?

<p>Increased glucose production and suppression of inflammation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of aldosterone?

<p>Increases blood pressure by promoting sodium retention (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is produced by the adrenal medulla?

<p>Epinephrine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the negative feedback mechanism regulate hormone levels in the blood?

<p>By inhibiting further hormone release when target levels are reached (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which glands are primarily stimulated by hormonal stimuli?

<p>Endocrine glands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of oxytocin in the human body?

<p>Stimulates uterine contractions during labor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Thyroid Hormone

  • The thyroid gland secretes triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)
  • T3 is made from T4 in target tissue
  • T4 is secreted by thyroid follicles
  • Thyroid hormone affects metabolism
  • Thyroid hormone is a major metabolic hormone

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