Biochemistry of thyrocytes

The two thyroid hormones are triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). T3 is the active form.

Deiodinases convert the inactive T4 to the active T3 form.

The transporter is called the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS).

<p>Thyroperoxidase oxidizes iodide ions to form iodine molecules, which are then used to iodinate tyrosine residues on the thyroglobulin protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary protein that binds to T3 and T4 in the plasma is thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The thyroid gland uses the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) to take up iodide ions from the plasma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The enzyme thyroperoxidase oxidizes iodide ions to form iodine molecules in the colloid space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The endocytic receptor located in the apical membrane of follicular cells that binds iodinated thyroglobulin is called megalin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>TBG buffers the thyroid hormone, helping to normalize plasma concentration and prolong the half-lives of T3 and T4.</p> Signup and view all the answers