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Questions and Answers
A patient presents with shortness of breath and chest pain. Imaging reveals a blood clot lodged in the pulmonary artery. This condition is best described as:
A patient presents with shortness of breath and chest pain. Imaging reveals a blood clot lodged in the pulmonary artery. This condition is best described as:
- Arterial thrombosis
- Amniotic embolism
- Venous thromboembolism (correct)
- Fat embolism
Which of the following is a key distinction between a thrombus and an embolus?
Which of the following is a key distinction between a thrombus and an embolus?
- A thrombus only causes partial obstruction, while an embolus always causes complete obstruction.
- A thrombus is a stationary clot, while an embolus is a mobile mass that travels through the bloodstream. (correct)
- A thrombus is composed of fat, while an embolus is composed of blood cells and fibrin.
- A thrombus always originates in the venous system, while an embolus originates in the arterial system.
A patient who recently underwent a long bone fracture surgery is now showing signs of respiratory distress and confusion. What is the most likely cause?
A patient who recently underwent a long bone fracture surgery is now showing signs of respiratory distress and confusion. What is the most likely cause?
- Amniotic fluid embolism
- Arterial thrombosis
- Deep vein thrombosis
- Fat embolism (correct)
Which of the following conditions is least likely to increase the risk of thrombus formation?
Which of the following conditions is least likely to increase the risk of thrombus formation?
A patient presents with pain and swelling in their left calf. Doppler ultrasound reveals a blood clot in the deep veins of the leg. This condition is best described as:
A patient presents with pain and swelling in their left calf. Doppler ultrasound reveals a blood clot in the deep veins of the leg. This condition is best described as:
During labor, a patient suddenly develops acute respiratory distress and cardiovascular collapse. Which rare embolic event should be suspected?
During labor, a patient suddenly develops acute respiratory distress and cardiovascular collapse. Which rare embolic event should be suspected?
A patient who is post-operative from hip replacement surgery complains of acute chest pain and difficulty breathing. A CT scan reveals a large clot in the pulmonary artery, which originated in the deep veins of the leg. Which term best describes this sequence of events?
A patient who is post-operative from hip replacement surgery complains of acute chest pain and difficulty breathing. A CT scan reveals a large clot in the pulmonary artery, which originated in the deep veins of the leg. Which term best describes this sequence of events?
Which clinical scenario would most likely result in an air embolus?
Which clinical scenario would most likely result in an air embolus?
A patient with a history of atherosclerosis experiences sudden weakness on one side of their body and difficulty speaking. Imaging reveals a blocked artery in the brain. This is most likely caused by:
A patient with a history of atherosclerosis experiences sudden weakness on one side of their body and difficulty speaking. Imaging reveals a blocked artery in the brain. This is most likely caused by:
How would you differentiate between deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) based on their primary locations?
How would you differentiate between deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) based on their primary locations?
Flashcards
Thrombus
Thrombus
A blood clot formed from platelets, fibrin, and other elements within a blood vessel.
Thrombosis
Thrombosis
The formation of a thrombus that partially or fully obstructs a blood vessel.
Embolus
Embolus
An intravascular mass (solid, liquid, or gas) carried by the blood.
Thromboembolism
Thromboembolism
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Venous Thromboembolism
Venous Thromboembolism
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Study Notes
- Thrombus refers to a blood clot comprising platelets, fibrin, and other elements within a blood vessel.
- Thrombosis is the formation of a thrombus that either partially or fully obstructs a vessel.
Types of Thrombosis
- Arterial thrombosis can lead to myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and peripheral arterial thrombosis.
- Venous thrombosis can result in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).
- Risk factors for thrombosis include cancer, pregnancy, and the use of estrogen contraceptives.
- Embolus is an intravascular solid, liquid, or gaseous mass transported by the blood.
Types of Embolism
- Fat emboli can occur after a fracture.
- Air emboli appear as frothy, clotty masses accompanied by an inflammatory response.
- Amniotic embolism involves fetal tissue, is rare, and has a high mortality rate.
- Thromboembolism is a thrombus that originates in one location and travels to a distant site.
Types of Thromboembolism
- Venous thromboembolism includes DVT, PE, and sinus thrombosis.
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