Thrombocytopenia

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Questions and Answers

What are the two phases of hemostasis?

Primary hemostasis and secondary hemostasis

What are the three steps of hemostasis?

Vasoconstriction; formation of platelet plug; and formation of fibrin clot

What is the main job of vasoconstriction?

To stop blood loss

What is the main job of platelet plug formation?

<p>To create a temporary plug</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main job of fibrin clot formation?

<p>To create a stable clot</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal platelet count?

<p>150,000 to 350,000 platelets/microL</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a wound?

<p>A wound is an acute injury to intact skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens immediately after a breach in the skin?

<p>A physical gap in the epidermis is formed and it immediately fills with blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the blood in a wound contain?

<p>The blood in a wound contains platelets to form a plug and clotting factors to change the plug into a fibrin mesh.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the endothelium of small blood vessels play in wound healing?

<p>The endothelium of small blood vessels clamp down to stem the flow of blood and cause fluid stasis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the five stages of wound healing?

<p>The five stages of wound healing are hemostasis, inflammation, epithelialization, fibroplasia, and maturation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a wound becomes chronic?

<p>If a wound becomes chronic, it becomes arrested in one of the five stages of wound healing and cannot progress further.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Ca2+ in the clotting process?

<p>Ca2+ is needed by clotting factors to create fibrin clot.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the receptor GpIIb/IIIa?

<p>The receptor GpIIb/IIIa binds circulating coagulation protein fibrinogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when there is a defective GpIIb/IIIa?

<p>A defective GpIIb/IIIa causes Glanzmann thrombasthenia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of fibrinogen binding to GpIIb/IIIa receptors on two different platelets?

<p>Fibrinogen binding to GpIIb/IIIa receptors on two different platelets links them together and forms a platelet plug.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of Bernard-Soulier Syndrome?

<p>Bernard-Soulier Syndrome is caused by a defective glycoprotein GpIb receptor on platelets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder?

<p>The most common inherited bleeding disorder is Von Willebrand disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of aspirin as a blood thinner?

<p>Aspirin irreversibly blocks COX via acetylation, stopping TXA2 production and thus platelet aggregation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the names of the COX inhibitors mentioned in the text?

<p>Aspirin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the names of the Glycoprotein GpIIb/IIIa Receptor Inhibitors mentioned in the text?

<p>Abciximab, eptifibatide, tirofiban</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the names of the Reversible Prostaglandin E2 Inhibitors mentioned in the text?

<p>Ibuprofen, naproxen, indomethacin, diclofenac</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for mild bleeding in Hemophilia A?

<p>DDAVP</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the names of the Direct Thrombin inhibitors mentioned in the text?

<p>Argatroban, Lepirudin, Bivalirudin, Dabigatran</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the causes of thrombocytopenia due to platelet consumption?

<p>Thrombocytopenia due to platelet consumption can be caused by disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombocytopenic purpura, and hemolytic uremic syndrome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the current preferred name for thrombocytopenia due to autoimmune reaction?

<p>The current preferred name for thrombocytopenia due to autoimmune reaction is immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ADAMTS13 in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura?

<p>In thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, ADAMTS13, a protease that cleaves von Willebrand factor, is impeded.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can infections cause thrombocytopenia?

<p>Infections can cause thrombocytopenia via bone marrow suppression, hypersplenism, or platelet consumption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drugs can cause thrombocytopenia?

<p>AZT, Vinblastine, Chloramphenicol, and Benzene are drugs that can cause thrombocytopenia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)?

<p>Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an autoimmune reaction that occurs in about 5% of individuals who take heparin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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