57 Questions
What is the primary consequence of habitat loss on land and in water?
The original habitat is no longer capable of supporting the species and communities that naturally occur there
What is the leading cause of terrestrial habitat loss?
Agriculture
What is a consequence of overgrazing in arid and semiarid lands?
Desertification
What is the primary driver of biodiversity loss?
The growth of the human population and how we consume resources
What is habitat fragmentation?
The division of remaining habitats into smaller, isolated fragments
What is one of the effects of habitat fragmentation?
The extinction of specialist species
What is a strategy to reduce the impact of habitat degradation?
Maintaining larger areas of habitat and providing corridors to connect fragments
What is an example of overexploitation?
Unregulated and/or illegal harvesting of resources
What percentage of birds are threatened due to the introduction of invasive exotic species?
30%
Which of the following is an effect of climate change on ecosystems?
Changes in ocean levels and acidity
What is a consequence of species introductions?
Major economic consequences for humans
What is an example of multiple drivers acting together in an ecosystem?
Tropical deforestation and habitat destruction
What is a result of the introduction of invasive species on freshwater ecosystems?
Greatly affected ecosystems
What is the primary concern for people in developing countries regarding biodiversity?
Immediate needs of food and shelter
What is the main difference between endangered and threatened species?
Endangered species are in immediate danger of extinction
What was the outcome of the conservation efforts for the Arabian oryx?
The species was reintroduced to its natural habitat
What was the significance of the passage of the Endangered Species Act (1973) in the U.S.?
It marked the beginning of biodiversity preservation
What was the outcome of the conservation efforts for the giant panda bear?
The species was removed from the endangered list
What is the term for the situation where the total impact of two or more threats is greater than the sum of their individual impacts?
Synergistic effect
Which of the following species is most likely to become extinct?
A species with a small population and a specialized niche
What is the primary goal of the IUCN Red List?
To categorize and assess the threat status of species
What is the outcome when a species is no longer found in an area it once inhabited but still exists elsewhere?
Local extinction
What is a common characteristic of organisms that are more likely to become extinct in small, restricted areas?
Specialized niche
What percentage of endangered species of plants are threatened by overexploitation?
8%
What is a common reason for overexploitation in aquatic systems?
As a source of protein
What is a strategy to reduce the impact of overexploitation?
Monitor and regulate harvests
What is a consequence of overexploitation in aquatic systems?
Capture of non-target species
What is a type of species introduction?
Accidental introduction
What is the primary purpose of habitat management?
To enhance the success of a species
What is the term for concealing or protecting animals from the elements or enemies?
Cover
What is the maximum population size that an environment can support?
Carrying capacity
Why are population censuses conducted in wildlife management?
To check if populations are within appropriate levels
What is the purpose of regulating hunting activity in wildlife management?
To conserve wildlife populations
Why are artificial introductions implemented in wildlife management?
To reintroduce native species to their habitats
What is the primary reason for implementing seasons in wildlife management?
To remove surplus animals before winter
What is the term for the movement of animals from one location to another?
Migration
What is the primary goal of managing a wildlife population?
To conserve wildlife populations
Why are non-native species introduced to new habitats?
To fill empty niches
What is the level of hierarchy where we count the number of genes within a population?
Genes within population
At which level of hierarchy do we count the number of different species?
Species within communities
What is the highest level of hierarchy in the biodiversity count?
Landscapes within the biosphere
What is the level of hierarchy where we count the number of different ecosystems?
Ecosystems within landscapes
What is the level of hierarchy where we count the number of different populations?
Populations within species
What is the hierarchy of the biosphere?
Genes in populations, populations in species, species in ecosystems
what is the term for the measure of number of species
species richness
what are the two most important facctors that determine the number of species in an area?
water and energy
what are the most important factors in determining species in aquatic systems?
Salinity, availability of nutrients, water movement
how many species of vertebrates are there?
70,000
what does species diversity take into account?
the evennes of species
more diverse communities are more?
Resilient, and Resistant
how much of habitable land is urban and built up?
1%
what are other reaosns to the harvest of aquatic systems?
Ornaments. Aquarium trade. Medicine. dyes and other products.
what diseases had an impact on american forests
chestnut blight, dutch elm disease
which invasive insect had an effect on ecosystem structure
Asian long horned beetle
which freshwater organism impacted ecosystems
Zebra mussel
are organisms in higher trophic levels more endangered towards extinction?
True
how many species are listed as threatened with extinction according to the IUCN?
21,000
Study Notes
We can look at biodiversity by counting up the number of different types (or variants) at various levels of a hierarchy: Genes within populations. Populations within species. Species within communities and ecosystems. Ecosystems within landscapes and the overall biosphere
Learn about the threats to biodiversity, including habitat loss and degradation, and how they affect the environment and species. Discover the impacts of habitat fragmentation and the importance of conservation.
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