Threatened and Inevitable Abortion Management
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of a Shirodkar Procedure in pregnancy?

  • To enable C-section only
  • To provide permanent cerclage (correct)
  • To prevent miscarriage
  • To allow normal delivery
  • Which condition necessitates Therapeutic Abortion?

  • Psychological discomfort
  • A threat to the mother's life (correct)
  • A threat to the fetus' life
  • Presence of minor illnesses
  • What characterizes an Illegal Abortion?

  • Is considered justified (correct)
  • Endangers the mother's life
  • Endangers the fetus' life
  • Allowed by Philippine law
  • Fetal Demise, also known as Stillbirth, can occur during which phase?

    <p>After the onset of labor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT commonly associated with Fetal Demise?

    <p>Healthy maternal lifestyle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines an Ectopic Pregnancy?

    <p>Implantation outside the uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between threatened abortion and inevitable abortion?

    <p>Threatened abortion involves closed cervix while inevitable abortion involves open cervix.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended management for a patient with threatened abortion?

    <p>Complete bed rest and abstinence from intercourse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an inevitable abortion, what procedure may be performed to prevent further blood loss and anemia?

    <p>Emergency suction dilatation and curettage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a complete abortion?

    <p>All products of conception are expelled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a Dilation and Curettage (D&C) procedure used for in the context of abortions?

    <p>To remove abnormal tissues in inevitable abortion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a patient with a threatened abortion report to their healthcare provider?

    <p>If there is increased bleeding, passage of tissue, or fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common cause of a threatened abortion?

    <p>Blighted ovum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of abortion is characterized by a sonogram finding of a viable pregnancy with vaginal bleeding but no cervical dilatation?

    <p>Threatened abortion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between spontaneous abortion and induced abortion?

    <p>Spontaneous abortion is unintentional, induced abortion is intentional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition may lead to an incomplete abortion?

    <p>Blighted ovum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a missed abortion refer to?

    <p>Abortion that goes unnoticed by the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the immediate assessment needed for vaginal bleeding during pregnancy?

    <p>Confirmation of blood type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Threatened Abortion

    • Pregnancy is jeopardized by bleeding and cramping, but the cervix is closed
    • Management: further observation, no intervention, avoid strenuous activity, complete bed rest, and abstinence from intercourse
    • Patient should report increased bleeding, passage of tissue, or fever

    Inevitable Abortion

    • Also known as imminent abortion
    • Vaginal bleeding and uterine cramping leading to cervical dilatation, but no products of conception have passed
    • Management: emergency suction dilation and curettage to prevent further blood loss and anemia

    Complete Abortion

    • All products of conception are expelled
    • The uterus is well contracted, and the cervical os may be closed or opened

    Therapeutic Abortion

    • Ensures life of the mother, especially if there are bioethical issues (e.g., cardiorespiratory illnesses that may put the mother's life in danger)
    • Has a two-fold effect, opting for the choice of lesser evil

    Illegal Abortion

    • Unwarranted termination of pregnancy that does not put the life of the mother or the fetus' life in jeopardy and is not permitted by Philippine law

    Fetal Demise

    • Also called stillbirth
    • Termination of pregnancy after the age of viability
    • Types: antenatal demise (occurs before labor) and intrapartum demise (occurs after the onset of labor)
    • Risk factors: mostly idiopathic, antiphospholipid syndrome, maternal diabetes, maternal trauma, severe maternal isoimmunization, fetal aneuploidy, and fetal infection

    Ectopic Pregnancy

    • Pregnancy in which implantation occurred outside the uterine cavity
    • Symptoms: cold, clammy skin, vasoconstriction, decreased urine output, decreased central venous pressure

    Abortion

    • Termination of pregnancy before the age of viability (< 20 weeks)
    • Common causes: abnormal fetal development, implantation abnormalities, fails to produce enough progesterone, ingestion of alcohol, systemic infections

    Immediate Assessment of Vaginal Bleeding During Pregnancy

    • Confirmation of pregnancy
    • Pregnancy length, duration, intensity, description, frequency, and associated symptoms
    • Action: blood type

    Types of Abortion

    • Spontaneous abortion: nature's way of expelling a defective fetus, caused by chromosomal aberration, blighted ovum, and germ plasma defect, maternal age > 35 years old
    • Induced abortion: abortion brought about intentionally, also known as artificial or therapeutic abortion
    • Types of spontaneous abortion: threatened, inevitable, complete, incomplete, missed, and habitual

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    Description

    Learn about the management of threatened and inevitable abortion scenarios in pregnancy, including observations, interventions, and precautions to take. Understand the differences between threatened and inevitable abortion.

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