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What defining characteristic distinguishes bullous pemphigoid from other skin disorders?

  • Presence of pruritic urticarial lesions
  • Exclusively affecting individuals below 60 years old
  • Development of blisters only on the mucous membranes
  • Formation of subepidermal blisters with eosinophils (correct)
  • Which treatment is commonly used for managing bullous pemphigoid?

  • Antihistamines only
  • Topical antibiotics
  • Glucocorticoids and immunosuppressives (correct)
  • Surgery to remove affected areas
  • What is the usual age range for the onset of bullous pemphigoid?

  • 60 to 80 years (correct)
  • 30 to 50 years
  • Over 80 years only
  • 20 to 40 years
  • Which autoantibodies are primarily associated with bullous pemphigoid?

    <p>Anti-basement membrane IgG autoantibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which anatomical sites is bullous pemphigoid most likely to present?

    <p>Axillae and thighs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily compensates for the loss of Dsg 1 function in the deep epidermis and mucous membranes?

    <p>Dsg 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incidence of bullous pemphigoid reported in Germany and France?

    <p>Seven per million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lesions are initially produced in bullous pemphigoid before they collapse?

    <p>Tense bullae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition are antibodies present only against Dsg 3, leading to blisters in the deep mucous membrane?

    <p>Pemphigus vulgaris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the blister formation in muco-cutaneous pemphigus?

    <p>Antibodies against Dsg 1 and Dsg 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is commonly experienced by individuals with bullous pemphigoid?

    <p>Intense itching (pruritus)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sign indicates the dislodging of epidermis resulting in erosion during pemphigus testing?

    <p>Nikolsky sign</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs is commonly associated with drug-induced pemphigus?

    <p>Captopril</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In paraneoplastic pemphigus, which areas are most severely affected?

    <p>Mucous membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What typically happens to the skin eruption after the termination of therapy with the offending drug in drug-induced pemphigus?

    <p>It resolves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the lesions found in paraneoplastic pemphigus?

    <p>They combine features of pemphigus vulgaris and erythema multiforme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic finding is observed in the early lesions of pemphigus vulgaris?

    <p>Separation of keratinocytes suprabasally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature found in direct immunofluorescence staining of pemphigus vulgaris lesions?

    <p>Presence of C3 in the intercellular substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which variant of pemphigus vulgaris is characterized by granulomatous vegetating purulent plaques?

    <p>Pemphigus Vegetans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which autoimmune mechanism is primarily responsible for the lesions seen in pemphigus vulgaris?

    <p>Autoantibodies against desmoglein 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is most commonly associated with inducing pemphigus vulgaris?

    <p>Captopril</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What histopathological feature is rarely seen in pemphigus vulgaris due to its superficial location?

    <p>Flaccid bulla formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique is used to detect serum autoantibodies in pemphigus vulgaris?

    <p>Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes drug-induced pemphigus from sporadic pemphigus vulgaris?

    <p>Association with specific drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lesions result from the interaction of bioactive molecules released from inflammatory cells?

    <p>Bullous lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary components involved in the pathogenesis of the bullous lesions mentioned?

    <p>Hemidesmosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immune cells are attracted to the site of the bullous lesion according to the content?

    <p>Neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which layer does the junctional cleavage occur in the context of bullous lesions?

    <p>Lamina lucida</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following autoantibodies interacts with the bullous pemphigoid antigens?

    <p>IgG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of alignment is observed for neutrophils in this condition?

    <p>Indian-file alignment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is less likely to rupture compared to pemphigus according to the content?

    <p>Bullous pemphigoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which histological feature characterizes bullous pemphigoid lesions?

    <p>Subepithelial bulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lesion often precedes bullae formation in the described condition?

    <p>Urticarial lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which autoantibody is associated with the 230-kDa glycoprotein in bullous pemphigoid?

    <p>BPAG1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is typically NOT associated with early stage bullous pemphigoid?

    <p>Constitutional symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hematological finding can be present in bullous pemphigoid?

    <p>Eosinophilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of BPAG2 in the context of bullous pemphigoid?

    <p>Part of hemidesmosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Clinical manifestations of bullous pemphigoid first appear as which kind of eruption?

    <p>Prodromal eruption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The detection of IgG antibodies in bullous pemphigoid occurs in what percentage of patients?

    <p>70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the correlation between antibody titers and disease course in bullous pemphigoid?

    <p>Titers do not correlate with course of disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

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