Thirst Regulation and Fluid Intake Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a major electrolyte?

  • Sodium (Na+)
  • Calcium (Ca++)
  • Phosphorus (PO4) (correct)
  • Potassium (K+)

    • Which of the following is a symptom of hyponatremia?

  • Increased thirst
  • High blood pressure
  • Muscle weakness (correct)
  • Hyperactivity

    • Which of the following is the normal range for serum potassium (K+) level?

  • 8.0-9.0 mEq/L
  • 2.0-3.0 mEq/L
  • 6.0-7.0 mEq/L
  • 3.5-5.0 mEq/L (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT an electrolyte?

    <p>Protein (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fluid compartment contains fluid within a cell?

    <p>Intracellular fluid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for chloride levels in the blood?

    <p>95-105 mEq/L (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is maintaining homeostasis important for the body?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of severely dehydrated patients?

    <p>Soft eyeballs and sunken eyes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of excess fluid volume?

    <p>Puffy eyelids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of pitting edema?

    <p>Pitting depression remains in the tissue after pressure is applied with a fingertip (4+ point scale) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the second most abundant electrolyte to potassium (K+)?

    <p>Magnesium (Mg2+) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of magnesium in the body?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone controls the rate of magnesium excretion through the kidneys?

    <p>Parathyroid hormone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which water and solutes move across a membrane from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure?

    <p>Filtration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte is the most abundant in extracellular fluid?

    <p>Sodium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte is mainly found in the intracellular fluid?

    <p>Potassium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte is responsible for regulating osmotic pressure between fluid compartments and helps in regulating acid-base balance?

    <p>Chloride (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte is mainly concentrated in the bones and teeth, and plays a role in promoting transmission of nerve impulses, regulating muscle contraction and relaxation, and clotting?

    <p>Calcium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ triggers the sensation of thirst in response to increased plasma osmolality?

    <p>Hypothalamus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the usual volume of urine in a healthy adult?

    <p>Between 1 and 2 L/day (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary routes of fluid loss from the body?

    <p>Skin, kidneys, lungs, GI tract (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended fluid requirement for older adults based on ideal body weight?

    <p>25 ml/kg for ages 65 and older (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for maintaining the osmolality of intracellular fluid (ICF)?

    <p>K+ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a main regulator of fluid balance adjustments?

    <p>Thirst center (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary function of the nephron?

    <p>Filtration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for increasing the reabsorption of sodium and decreasing the reabsorption of potassium in the kidney tubules?

    <p>Aldosterone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the normal range for serum sodium (Na+) level?

    <p>135-145 mEq/L (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following electrolytes is responsible for regulating muscle contraction and relaxation, and plays a role in promoting transmission of nerve impulses?

    <p>Calcium (Ca++) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of hypercalcemia?

    <p>Confusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of hypokalemia?

    <p>Excessive potassium intake (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte is responsible for the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins, storage and use of intracellular energy, and neural transmission?

    <p>Magnesium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the sodium pump?

    <p>To transport sodium out of the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which water and solutes move across a membrane from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration?

    <p>Active transport (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nephron?

    <p>To filter plasma through the kidneys (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of fluid imbalances in the elderly?

    <p>Confusion and falls (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of cellular dehydration in older adults?

    <p>Reduced sense of thirst (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a possible cause of acute fluid deficits in older adults?

    <p>Trauma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended fluid requirement for older adults based on ideal body weight?

    <p>25 ml/kg for ages 65 and older (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for maintaining the osmolality of extracellular fluid (ECF)?

    <p>Na+ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a hormone that affects fluid volume?

    <p>ANF (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary function of the glomerulus in the nephron?

    <p>Filtration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones is responsible for increasing the reabsorption of water in the kidney tubules?

    <p>ADH (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an electrolyte?

    <p>Urea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of magnesium in the body?

    <p>Promoting transmission of nerve impulses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fluid compartment contains fluid outside the cell?

    <p>Interstitial fluid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range for chloride levels in the blood?

    <p>95-105 mEq/L (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary electrolyte responsible for regulating body fluid volumes, muscular activity, nerve impulse conduction, and acid-base balance?

    <p>Sodium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following electrolytes is primarily found in the intracellular fluid and is essential for normal membrane excitability and transmitting nerve impulses?

    <p>Potassium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following electrolytes is responsible for regulating osmotic pressure between fluid compartments and helps in regulating acid-base balance?

    <p>Chloride (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following electrolytes is mainly concentrated in the bones and teeth, and plays a role in promoting transmission of nerve impulses, regulating muscle contraction and relaxation, and clotting?

    <p>Calcium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following skin characteristics is indicative of severe fluid volume deficit?

    <p>Pale, cool, clammy skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of excess fluid volume?

    <p>Puffy eyelids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the condition where the skin remains depressed after pressure is applied with a fingertip?

    <p>Pitting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of severe dehydration?

    <p>Fuller cheeks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the process of pinching the skin over the sternum, inner aspects of the thighs, and forehead to assess skin turgor?

    <p>Pinch test (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of sodium excess?

    <p>Red and swollen tongue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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