They Say, I Say, Chapter 4 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What are good arguments based on?

Complex theories known to a few

Basic rhetorical patterns used by professionals

Everyday habits of mind that can be isolated, identified and used by almost anyone (correct)

Knowledge that only a special class of experts has access to

What are the arguments that win based on?

Basic rhetorical patterns that most of us use on a daily basis.

What are the three most common ways to respond?

Silence, debate, or laughter

Creating new arguments, ignoring, or dismissing

Affirming, challenging, or elaborating

Agreeing, disagreeing, or a combination of both (correct)

A reader must decide if they agree, disagree, or simultaneously agree and disagree with what they are responding to.

True Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a writer fails to declare their position relative to views they've summarized?

Readers get frustrated. Signup and view all the answers

What is more likely to stand out if readers have a baseline sense of where you stand relative to any ideas you've cited?

The complexity, subtlety, and originality of your responses. Signup and view all the answers

What is always a good idea to start your response by?

Stating directly whether you agree, disagree, or both using a direct formula Signup and view all the answers

There would be no reason to offer an interpretation of a work of literature or art unless you were responding to the interpretations of others.

True Signup and view all the answers

What must you state in addition to your interpretation?

In relation to other readers' and writers' views. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the first things people associate with critical thinking?

Disagreeing. Signup and view all the answers

Disagreeing poses what for the individual?

Hidden challenges. Signup and view all the answers

What should you offer when you disagree?

Persuasive reasons as to why. Signup and view all the answers

What must you add when agreeing?

Something interesting and new. Signup and view all the answers

To turn a disagreement into an argument, what must you do?

Give reasons to support what you have said. Signup and view all the answers

What is the 'duh' move?

When you disagree not with the position itself but with the assumption that it is a new or stunning revelation. Signup and view all the answers

The 'duh' formula: It is true that ________________; but we already knew that.

<hr /> Signup and view all the answers

What is the 'twist it move'?

Agreeing with the evidence that someone else has presented but showing through a twist of logic that this evidence supports your own, contrary position. Signup and view all the answers

What must you say when you agree?

Something that makes you a valuable participant in the conversation. Signup and view all the answers

What is Graff and Birkenstein's 'favorite' way to respond to arguments?

Simultaneously agreeing and disagreeing. Signup and view all the answers

What is helpful in avoiding polarized exchanges?

Simultaneously agreeing and disagreeing. Signup and view all the answers

Tip toward agreement or disagreement, depending on where you lay your ______________.

stress. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Good Arguments

Good arguments stem from everyday habits of mind accessible to almost anyone, not just experts.
Winning arguments utilize basic rhetorical patterns commonly employed in daily interactions.

Common Responses

The three primary responses in argumentative discourse are agreeing, disagreeing, or a combination of both.
Readers must evaluate and decide their position regarding the ideas they engage with.

Clarity in Position

A writer must clearly declare their stance in relation to summarized or quoted ideas to avoid frustrating readers.
Establishing a clear position enhances the complexity and originality of responses, making them more noticeable.

Starting Responses

Initiating a response with a clear statement of agreement or disagreement provides a direct formula for engaging with the text.

Importance of Context

The value of interpretation in literature or art lies in responding to other interpretations and existing discussions.
Contextualizing your interpretation in relation to others' views is crucial for effective communication.

Disagreement Dynamics

Disagreeing is often linked with critical thinking but presents hidden challenges.
When expressing disagreement, providing persuasive reasons is essential to support one’s position.

Enhancing Agreement

Adding new and interesting elements when agreeing enriches the discussion and enhances the value of the response.
Turning disagreement into an argument requires supporting reasons to bolster one’s claim.

Concept of "Duh"

The "duh" move challenges the novelty of an opposing claim without refuting the position itself.
The "duh" formula allows for a gentle rebuttal by acknowledging a point while indicating its recognized nature.

Twist and Value

The "twist it move" allows agreement with presented evidence while demonstrating how it supports one’s contrary stance.
Providing an original perspective when agreeing makes one a valuable contributor to the conversation.

Graduate Thinking

Graff and Birkenstein advocate for a nuanced approach of simultaneously agreeing and disagreeing as the preferred method of response.
This strategy helps avoid simplistic and polarized exchanges typical in less sophisticated debates.

Stressing Positions

The emphasis placed in your response can lead to a tilt toward either agreement or disagreement, influencing the discourse's direction.

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Description

This quiz covers key concepts from Chapter 4 of 'They Say, I Say'. It emphasizes the nature of good arguments and the everyday habits of mind that can be utilized in discussions. Ideal for students looking to enhance their understanding of rhetorical patterns.