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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of ultimate analysis of a solid fuel?
What is the primary purpose of ultimate analysis of a solid fuel?
What is the significance of the chemical equation representing the combustion process?
What is the significance of the chemical equation representing the combustion process?
What is the purpose of calculating the air-fuel ratio (AF) and fuel-air ratio (FA) in a combustion process?
What is the purpose of calculating the air-fuel ratio (AF) and fuel-air ratio (FA) in a combustion process?
What is the primary assumption in the first law of reacting systems?
What is the primary assumption in the first law of reacting systems?
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What is the significance of the stoichiometric coefficients in a combustion reaction?
What is the significance of the stoichiometric coefficients in a combustion reaction?
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What is the primary purpose of combustion process optimization?
What is the primary purpose of combustion process optimization?
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What is the significance of the energy rate balance in a combustion process?
What is the significance of the energy rate balance in a combustion process?
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What is the primary difference between a solid fuel and a liquid fuel?
What is the primary difference between a solid fuel and a liquid fuel?
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What is the purpose of calculating the adiabatic flame temperature in a combustion process?
What is the purpose of calculating the adiabatic flame temperature in a combustion process?
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What is the significance of the first law of reacting systems in a combustion process?
What is the significance of the first law of reacting systems in a combustion process?
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Study Notes
Combustion Process
- Combustion process involves oxidation of fuel constituents, represented by a chemical equation.
- Mass of each element remains the same during combustion.
Air-Fuel Ratio
- Theoretical air-fuel ratio can be calculated on a mass and mole basis.
- Air-fuel ratio (AF) and fuel-air ratio (FA) are important parameters to express the ratio of fuel and air.
- AF and FA are reciprocals of each other.
Stoichiometric Air
- Stoichiometric air is the theoretical amount of air required for combustion.
- Stoichiometric air can be calculated using the balance of atoms.
Excess Air and Deficiency of Air
- Excess air is the amount of air above the stoichiometric air, expressed as a percentage.
- Deficiency of air is the amount of air below the stoichiometric air.
Classification of Fuels
- Fuels can be classified into solid, liquid, and gaseous forms.
- Solid fuels (e.g. coal) consist of moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash.
- Liquid fuels (e.g. gasoline, diesel) are mixtures of many different hydrocarbons.
- Gaseous fuels (e.g. natural gas, coal gas) are mainly composed of methane and hydrogen.
Ultimate Analysis
- Ultimate analysis is a method of expressing the composition of a fuel on a dry basis.
- It specifies the relative amounts of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and other elements in a fuel.
Combustion Reactions
- Combustion reactions involve the reaction of fuel with oxygen to form products such as carbon dioxide and water.
- The amount of oxygen required for combustion can be calculated based on the stoichiometric coefficients.
Sample Problems
- Sample problems involve calculating heat transfer, air-fuel ratio, and composition of products for different combustion reactions.
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Description
Practice solving thermodynamics problems involving heat transfer, combustion, and energy calculations. Sample problems and solutions are provided.
