Thermodynamics Quiz

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Which variable of state is recognized as a measure of the disorder of the system?

Entropy S (correct)

Gibbs free energy G

Temperature T

Enthalpy H

In an isolated system, every change of the system increases its entropy.

True (correct)

False

What is the equation inscribed on Ludwig Boltzmann's tombstone in Vienna?

$S = k lnW$ (correct)

$S = k ln(G)$

$S = k ln(H)$

$S = k ln(T)$

According to the text, what does the Second Law of Thermodynamics specify?

The direction of spontaneous change for a system Signup and view all the answers

What does the knowledge of thermodynamics allow us to learn?

How the conditions can be changed to make impossible reactions possible Signup and view all the answers

What is the main limitation of thermodynamics in relation to reaction rates?

Thermodynamics tells us a process is spontaneous, but not how fast it will actually occur Signup and view all the answers

What is the Carnot cycle?

An idealized heat engine that undergoes a particular cycle of four steps Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, which step of the Carnot cycle is an adiabatic reversible expansion?

Step II Signup and view all the answers

What is the total work done by the engine in the Carnot cycle?

nRThot ln(V2/V4) + nRTcold ln(V1/V3) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relation between the temperature and volume changes for an adiabatic reversible expansion or compression of an ideal gas in the Carnot cycle?

T2V2 = nR ln(V2/V4) Signup and view all the answers

What is the sum of the quantities dqrev >T for the cyclic path in the Carnot cycle?

0 Signup and view all the answers

According to the First Law of Thermodynamics, what is the relationship between the work done by a cycle and the heat absorbed by the cycle?

The work done is equal to the negative of the heat absorbed. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Second Law of Thermodynamics state about the sum of entropy changes of the system and the surroundings?

The sum of entropy changes is always positive. Signup and view all the answers

What is the dimension of entropy?

Energy per temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the change in entropy of an isolated system and the surroundings?

The change in entropy of the system is greater than or equal to zero. Signup and view all the answers

Which reaction results in the largest increase in entropy?

2H2 (g) + O2 (g) -> 2H2O(g) Signup and view all the answers

Which reactions involve transfer of charge but no neutralization?

CO32- (aq) + H+ (aq) -> HCO3- (aq) Signup and view all the answers

Which reaction involves the transfer of a nonpolar methane (CH4) molecule from a polar solvent (H2O) to a nonpolar solvent?

CH4 (aq) -> CH4 (CCl4) Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the efficiency of a Carnot engine operating between Thot = 1200 K and Tcold = 300 K?

75% Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the total work done by a Carnot engine in one complete cycle if it absorbs 100 kJ of heat at the hot reservoir and discharges 25 kJ of heat at the cold reservoir?

-75 kJ Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the efficiency of a hypothetical engine that operates on a cycle of reversible steps and absorbs 150 kJ of heat at Thot = 1200 K and discharges 75 kJ of heat at Tcold = 300 K?

50% Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the net flow of heat per cycle when a Carnot engine and a hypothetical engine are combined, with the Carnot engine operating as a heat pump and the hypothetical engine operating as a heat engine?

50 kJ Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the entropy change of the system and the surroundings for a reversible process?

The entropy change of the system is equal to the negative entropy change of the surroundings. Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular interpretation of entropy?

The number of ways the insides can be arranged so that from the outside the system looks the same. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the entropy and temperature for a substance?

Entropy increases as temperature increases. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the number of gas molecules and entropy in the gas phase?

Entropy increases as the number of gas molecules increases. Signup and view all the answers

Thermodynamics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which variable of state is recognized as a measure of the disorder of the system?

In an isolated system, every change of the system increases its entropy.

What is the equation inscribed on Ludwig Boltzmann's tombstone in Vienna?

According to the text, what does the Second Law of Thermodynamics specify?

What does the knowledge of thermodynamics allow us to learn?

What is the main limitation of thermodynamics in relation to reaction rates?

What is the Carnot cycle?

According to the text, which step of the Carnot cycle is an adiabatic reversible expansion?

What is the total work done by the engine in the Carnot cycle?

What is the relation between the temperature and volume changes for an adiabatic reversible expansion or compression of an ideal gas in the Carnot cycle?

What is the sum of the quantities dqrev >T for the cyclic path in the Carnot cycle?

According to the First Law of Thermodynamics, what is the relationship between the work done by a cycle and the heat absorbed by the cycle?

What does the Second Law of Thermodynamics state about the sum of entropy changes of the system and the surroundings?

What is the dimension of entropy?

What is the relationship between the change in entropy of an isolated system and the surroundings?

Which reaction results in the largest increase in entropy?

Which reactions involve transfer of charge but no neutralization?

Which reaction involves the transfer of a nonpolar methane (CH4) molecule from a polar solvent (H2O) to a nonpolar solvent?

According to the text, what is the efficiency of a Carnot engine operating between Thot = 1200 K and Tcold = 300 K?

According to the text, what is the total work done by a Carnot engine in one complete cycle if it absorbs 100 kJ of heat at the hot reservoir and discharges 25 kJ of heat at the cold reservoir?

According to the text, what is the efficiency of a hypothetical engine that operates on a cycle of reversible steps and absorbs 150 kJ of heat at Thot = 1200 K and discharges 75 kJ of heat at Tcold = 300 K?

According to the text, what is the net flow of heat per cycle when a Carnot engine and a hypothetical engine are combined, with the Carnot engine operating as a heat pump and the hypothetical engine operating as a heat engine?

What is the relationship between the entropy change of the system and the surroundings for a reversible process?

What is the molecular interpretation of entropy?

What is the relationship between the entropy and temperature for a substance?

What is the relationship between the number of gas molecules and entropy in the gas phase?

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