Thermodynamics Metallurgy Chapter 3 Solutions

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What is a saturated solution?

A solution that contains less solute than it has the capacity to dissolve

A solution that contains more solute than is present in a saturated solution

A solution that contains the maximum amount of a solute that will dissolve in a given solvent at a specific temperature (correct)

A solution with no solute dissolved in the solvent

According to Raoult's law, the vapor pressure of a solution is:

Inversely proportional to the mole fraction of the solute (correct)

Directly proportional to the concentration of the solvent

Directly proportional to the mole fraction of the solute

Inversely proportional to the concentration of the solvent

What defines an unsaturated solution?

Contains more solute than is present in a saturated solution

Contains the maximum amount of a solute that will dissolve in a given solvent at a specific temperature

Contains less solute than it has the capacity to dissolve (correct)

Contains no solute dissolved in the solvent

Which equation describes the relationship between changes in temperature, pressure, and concentration of solutions?

Gibbs–Duhem equation Signup and view all the answers

What is a supersaturated solution?

A solution with more solute than is present in a saturated solution Signup and view all the answers

What defines a solution as nonideal?

The vapor pressure deviates from Raoult's law at all concentrations Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for two liquids that do not mix?

Immiscible Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for Raoult's Law?

P_solution = X_solvent * P_0_solvent Signup and view all the answers

What effect does a nonvolatile solute have on the vapor pressure of a solvent?

Lowers the vapor pressure Signup and view all the answers

In an ideal solution, what is the relationship between intermolecular forces?

Uniformity in intermolecular forces Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the solvent vapor pressure in solutions that do not obey Raoult's law?

It increases beyond prediction Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences vapor pressure according to the text?

Mole fraction Signup and view all the answers

In a closed container at constant temperature, what is established with respect to vapor pressure?

Equilibrium vapor pressure Signup and view all the answers

What does Raoult's law state about the amount of change in vapor pressure?

Dependent on the amount of solute added (mole fraction) Signup and view all the answers

What does a nonvolatile solute decrease in a solution?

Number of solvent molecules per unit volume Signup and view all the answers

What happens when interactions between solute and solvent are exceptionally strong?

The solvent vapor pressure is lower than predicted by Raoult's law Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum amount of a solute that will dissolve in a given solvent at a specific temperature?

Saturated solution Signup and view all the answers

What type of solution contains less solute than it has the capacity to dissolve?

Unsaturated solution Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean when one substance mixes into another and completely disappears?

Dissolution Signup and view all the answers

What type of solution contains more solute than is present in a saturated solution?

Supersaturated solution Signup and view all the answers

In a closed container at constant temperature, what is established with respect to vapor pressure?

Raoult's law Signup and view all the answers

What does a supersaturated solution contain more of compared to a saturated solution?

Solute Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a nonvolatile solute on the vapor pressure of a solvent?

It decreases the vapor pressure of the solvent Signup and view all the answers

What defines an unsaturated solution?

Less solute than required for saturation Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for two liquids that do not mix?

Immiscible Signup and view all the answers

What happens when interactions between solute and solvent are exceptionally strong?

The solvent vapor pressure decreases Signup and view all the answers

What is a saturated solution?

A solution with maximum solute dissolved in it Signup and view all the answers

In an ideal solution, what is the relationship between intermolecular forces?

They are uniform and equal between all molecules Signup and view all the answers

What does Raoult's law state about the amount of change in vapor pressure?

It is dependent on the amount of solute added to the solution Signup and view all the answers

What factor influences vapor pressure according to the text?

Temperature, surface area, and intermolecular forces Signup and view all the answers

What does a supersaturated solution represent?

A solution with more dissolved solute than should be possible Signup and view all the answers

What defines a solution as nonideal?

When it does not obey Raoult's law exactly Signup and view all the answers

Thermodynamics Metallurgy Chapter 3 Solutions

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Questions and Answers

What is a saturated solution?

According to Raoult's law, the vapor pressure of a solution is:

What defines an unsaturated solution?

Which equation describes the relationship between changes in temperature, pressure, and concentration of solutions?

What is a supersaturated solution?

What defines a solution as nonideal?

What is the term for two liquids that do not mix?

What is the equation for Raoult's Law?

What effect does a nonvolatile solute have on the vapor pressure of a solvent?

In an ideal solution, what is the relationship between intermolecular forces?

What happens to the solvent vapor pressure in solutions that do not obey Raoult's law?

Which factor influences vapor pressure according to the text?

In a closed container at constant temperature, what is established with respect to vapor pressure?

What does Raoult's law state about the amount of change in vapor pressure?

What does a nonvolatile solute decrease in a solution?

What happens when interactions between solute and solvent are exceptionally strong?

What is the maximum amount of a solute that will dissolve in a given solvent at a specific temperature?

What type of solution contains less solute than it has the capacity to dissolve?

What does it mean when one substance mixes into another and completely disappears?

What type of solution contains more solute than is present in a saturated solution?

In a closed container at constant temperature, what is established with respect to vapor pressure?

What does a supersaturated solution contain more of compared to a saturated solution?

What is the effect of a nonvolatile solute on the vapor pressure of a solvent?

What defines an unsaturated solution?

What is the term for two liquids that do not mix?

What happens when interactions between solute and solvent are exceptionally strong?

What is a saturated solution?

In an ideal solution, what is the relationship between intermolecular forces?

What does Raoult's law state about the amount of change in vapor pressure?

What factor influences vapor pressure according to the text?

What does a supersaturated solution represent?

What defines a solution as nonideal?

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