Thermodynamics: First Law and Work Done
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Questions and Answers

In the first law of thermodynamics equation, what does ΔE represent?

  • Work done by the system
  • Change in the internal energy of the system (correct)
  • Entropy change of the system
  • Heat transfer to the system
  • What is the work done in an irreversible expansion process?

  • $W = -P riangle V$
  • $W = q - P riangle V$
  • $W = P riangle V$ (correct)
  • $W = q + P riangle V$
  • When is entropy maximum for a system?

  • When the system is in equilibrium (correct)
  • When the system undergoes an irreversible process
  • When heat is supplied reversibly and isothermally
  • When the system expands at constant pressure
  • What does the second law of thermodynamics state about entropy?

    <p>The entropy of the entire universe is always increasing with time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process in the Carnot cycle involves an isothermal reversible compression?

    <p>$C \rightarrow D$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the given context, what is the equation of the circle S that passes through the point (0, 1) and is orthogonal to the circles $(x-1)^2 + y^2 = 16$ and $x^2 + y^2 = 1$?

    <p>$x^2 + y^2 + 14x - 2y + 1 = 0$ with centre (-7, 1) and radius = 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For the circle $x^2 + y^2 = r^2$, where $r > \sqrt{5/2}$, what is the location of its center O?

    <p>Origin (0,0)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Thermodynamics

    • ΔE in the first law of thermodynamics equation represents the change in internal energy of a system.
    • In an irreversible expansion process, the work done is less than the maximum possible work, as some energy is lost due to friction and other irreversible processes.
    • Entropy is maximum for a system when it is in a state of equilibrium, where all parts of the system have the same temperature.

    Second Law of Thermodynamics

    • The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of an isolated system always increases over time, except in reversible processes.

    Carnot Cycle

    • The isothermal reversible compression process in the Carnot cycle involves the compression of the gas at a constant temperature.

    Geometry

    • The equation of the circle S that passes through the point (0, 1) and is orthogonal to the circles $(x-1)^2 + y^2 = 16$ and $x^2 + y^2 = 1$ can be derived using the given conditions.
    • The center O of the circle $x^2 + y^2 = r^2$, where $r > \sqrt{5/2}$, is located at the origin (0, 0).

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of the first law of thermodynamics and the calculation of work done in different thermodynamic processes. Explore how the internal energy of a system changes with heat transfer and work done.

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