Thermodynamics and Energy Systems Quiz
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Thermodynamics and Energy Systems Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the result of opening the fuel valve too long in an engine?

  • Increase (correct)
  • None of these
  • Remains the same
  • Decrease

    • Which method is not used for starting a diesel engine?

  • Compressed air
  • Using another generator (correct)
  • Electric (battery)
  • Manual: rope, crank and kick

    • What stroke do two-stroke engines perform to complete one cycle?

  • Power and exhaust stroke
  • Suction and discharge stroke
  • Suction and exhaust stroke
  • Compression and power stroke (correct)

    • What type of geothermal plant is used when brine is extracted from underground?

    <p>Binary geothermal plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical pressure ratio range in most designs of gas turbines?

    <p>12 to 18</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum steam temperature allowed at the turbine inlet?

    <p>620 deg C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gases are most commonly employed in Stirling and Ericsson cycles?

    <p>Hydrogen and helium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a result of high compression pressure in a Rankine cycle?

    <p>Increase in moisture content at boiler exit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the flash point value for ethene determined from ASTM?

    <p>160 deg F</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substance is referred to as refrigerant R-40?

    <p>Chlorodifluoromethane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of valve allows using one pressure-relief device while isolating the other from the system?

    <p>Three-way valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum allowable airflow reduction in an air duct system when refrigerant is used?

    <p>One-quarter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tubing is exposed to crushing and puncture damage after installation?

    <p>Unprotected tubing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When calculating the permissible quantity of refrigerant in a system, which space should not be included?

    <p>Space above a suspended ceiling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term refers to blends comprising multiple components of different volatiles in refrigeration cycles?

    <p>Plenums</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of valve is utilized to control the flow in a multi-space air duct system?

    <p>Three-way valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Brayton cycle, the heat is transformed during which process?

    <p>Isobaric process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The fuel injection process in a diesel engine starts when the piston is at which position?

    <p>At the TDC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the cut-off ratio of a diesel cycle increases, what happens to the cycle efficiency?

    <p>Decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For immediate danger to life or health (IDHL), the maximum concentration allows escape within what timeframe?

    <p>30 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fuel is primarily used in a power plant during peak periods?

    <p>Liquid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The volume determined from internal dimensions of a container shows no allowance for which volume?

    <p>Internal allowance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which valve allows sections of a system to be joined before opening or separated after closing?

    <p>Companion valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a safety valve?

    <p>Prevent pressure buildup.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following options is not a possible location for a service valve?

    <p>Zeotropic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In institutional occupancy, what is the primary reason occupants may require assistance to leave?

    <p>Occupants are disabled, debilitated, or confined</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes a system where a secondary coolant is in direct contact with the air or substance to be conditioned?

    <p>Indirect open spray system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of valve opens automatically only in the case of high discharge pressure?

    <p>Solenoid valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does pressure loss due to friction at the condenser affect the compressor power per unit mass?

    <p>Remains the same</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of air-cooled condenser?

    <p>High-pressure valve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a liquid-suction heat exchanger in a refrigeration system?

    <p>To cool the refrigerant before it enters the compressor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the function of a drier loop differ from that of an accumulator in a refrigeration system?

    <p>A drier loop absorbs moisture, while an accumulator stores excess refrigerant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the specific volume at compressor suction when the refrigerant is subcooled in a refrigeration system?

    <p>Remains the same</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical Coefficient of Performance (COP) of an actual absorption refrigeration system?

    <p>Less than 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is a sight glass typically located in a refrigeration system?

    <p>Liquid line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material is suitable for use in ammonia systems?

    <p>Aluminum and its alloy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a pressure-relief device protecting a vessel, the ultimate strength must withstand pressure at least how many times the design pressure if the vessel's inside dimension is 6 in or less?

    <p>3 times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which device is used to detect a vibration in current caused by ionization of decomposed refrigerant?

    <p>Electronic detector</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the allowed set pressure change limit for seats and discs in a pressure vessel over a span of five years?

    <p>Not more than 10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component is used to heat up the solution partially before entering the generator in an absorption refrigeration system?

    <p>Regenerator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Diesel Engine

    • The fuel injection process in a diesel engine starts when the piston approaches TDC.
    • Increasing the cut-off ratio in a diesel cycle decreases the cycle efficiency.

    Rankine Cycle

    • Increasing the boiler pressure in a Rankine cycle will increase the moisture content at the boiler exit.
    • The highest steam temperature allowed at the turbine inlet is about 620 degrees Celsius.

    Gas Turbine

    • The pressure ratio in most common gas turbine designs ranges from 11 to 16.
    • The heat is transformed during the isobaric process in a Brayton cycle.

    Geothermal Plants

    • A binary geothermal plant is used when there is a presence of brine extracted from underground.

    Stirling & Ericsson Cycles

    • The two most common gases employed in Stirling and Ericsson cycles are hydrogen and helium.

    Refrigeration Systems

    • Blends used in refrigeration cycles change volumetric composition and saturation temperature as they evaporate or condense at constant pressure.
    • Zeotropic blends comprise multiple components of different volatiles, when used in refrigeration cycles, change volumetric composition and saturation temperature as they evaporate or condense at constant pressure.
    • A drier loop is used to prevent liquid refrigerant from entering the compressor.
    • The space above a suspended ceiling is not included in calculating the permissible quantity of refrigerant in the system unless it is continuous and part of the air return system.
    • The permissible quantity of refrigerant in the system is determined by the total volume of enclosed spaces where airflow cannot be reduced to less than one-quarter of its maximum when the fan is operating.
    • A three-way valve is used as a service valve for dual pressure-relief devices.
    • Unprotected tubing is tubing that is enclosed and therefore exposed to crushing, abrasion, puncture, or similar damage after installation.
    • An accumulator is a coil in series with the evaporator that prevents liquid refrigerant from entering the compressor.
    • An indirect open spray system is a system where a secondary coolant is in direct contact to cool or heat air or other substances.
    • A solenoid valve is used to connect the discharge of the compressor directly to the suction.
    • A regenerator is used to partially heat the solution before it enters the generator in the absorption refrigeration system.
    • Magnesium is suitable for use in ammonia systems.
    • Aluminum and its alloys are suitable for use in ammonia systems.

    Other Important Information

    • The fuel used in a power plant during peak periods is liquid.
    • Ethene, with no flash point or a flash point above 150 degrees Fahrenheit, is considered a non-flammable liquid.
    • Chloromethane is refrigerant R-40.
    • Companion valves are pairs of mating stop valves that allow sections of a system to be joined before opening them or separated after closing them.
    • A corridor is an enclosed passageway that limits travel to a single path.
    • The maximum concentration of a substance at which unprotected persons are able to escape within 30 minutes without escape-impairing symptoms or irreversible health effects is defined as the immediate dangerous to life or health (IDHL) concentration.
    • The internal gross volume of a container is the volume determined from internal dimensions with no allowance for the volume of internal parts.
    • The ultimate strength of a pressure vessel must be at least 3 times the design pressure when a pressure-relief device is used to protect a pressure vessel having an inside dimension of 6 inches or less.
    • Seats and discs in a pressure-relief device should be limited in distortion, by pressure or other causes, to a set pressure change of not more than 5 percent in a span of five years.
    • The COP of an actual absorption refrigeration system is usually less than 1.
    • A sight glass is often located on the liquid line.
    • Halide torch detection is used to detect a vibration in current caused by the ionization of decomposed refrigerant between two oppositely charged platinum electrodes.
    • Pressure loss due to friction at the condenser does not affect the compressor power per unit mass, it remains the same.
    • The outlet of the condenser is not a possible location for a service valve.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on diesel engines, Rankine cycles, gas turbines, and refrigeration systems. This quiz covers essential concepts related to energy conversion processes and system efficiencies across various applications. Enhance your understanding of thermodynamic principles with practical examples.

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