Thermal Energy and Heat Transfer Methods

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following methods of heat transfer requires direct contact between objects?

  • Convection
  • Radiation
  • Conduction (correct)
  • All of the above

Heat always flows from lower temperature to higher temperature.

False (B)

What happens to warmer fluid in a convection process?

It rises.

The transfer of thermal energy through electromagnetic waves is known as ______.

<p>radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the method of heat transfer with its description:

<p>Conduction = Transfer of thermal energy through direct contact Convection = Transfer of thermal energy in fluids by movement Radiation = Transfer of thermal energy through electromagnetic waves Heat = Thermal energy in transit</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about conduction is correct?

<p>It requires free moving electrons to transfer energy rapidly. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Convection currents can be found in both liquids and gases.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason metals are considered good conductors of heat?

<p>Free moving valence electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

Infrared radiation is a type of ______ used for transferring thermal energy.

<p>electromagnetic wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which heat transfer method does heat not require a medium to travel?

<p>Radiation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Thermal Energy

Energy related to temperature; higher temperature equals more energy.

Heat

Thermal energy in transit; always flows from hot to cold.

Conduction

Heat transfer by direct contact; energy moves between molecules.

Convection

Heat transfer by fluid movement (liquids or gases).

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Radiation

Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves (like sunlight).

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Heat Transfer Methods

Conduction, convection and radiation.

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Conduction Mechanism

Molecules vibrate and transfer energy. Metals conduct better because of free electrons.

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Convection Mechanism

Warmer fluids rise, cooler fluids sink, creating a flow.

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Radiation Mechanism

Energy travels through waves without needing a medium.

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Study Notes

Thermal Energy

  • Thermal energy is the energy from the temperature of matter.
  • The hotter the substance, the more thermal energy it has.
  • When thermal energy moves from or to an object, it's called heat.

Heat

  • Heat is a form of energy.
  • Heat waves are called IR waves or IR radiation.
  • Heat transfers when there is a temperature difference.
  • Heat is a measure of the total kinetic energy of the particles in matter.

Heat Transfer Methods

  • There are 3 ways to transfer heat: conduction, convection, and radiation.

Conduction

  • Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy by direct contact.
  • Energy moves from more energetic particles to less energetic particles (warmer to cooler).
  • In metals energy transfer is faster due to free electrons.
  • In non-metals energy transfer is slower due to vibrations.

Convection

  • Convection is the flow of fluid molecules from hotter to cooler regions.
  • In convection, denser fluids sink and less dense fluids rise.
  • Example: when water boils.

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