Theory of Natural and Social Rights

The belief that individuals are born with inherent, fundamental rights that cannot be taken away by the government. These rights stem from natural law, which dictates that people have inherent rights by virtue of their existence as human beings.

A prominent thinker who argued that natural rights include life, liberty, and property, and they are inherent to individuals, not granted by the state.

A theory that proposes rights are established and defined by society, laws, customs, and traditions. It focuses on what is socially acceptable and beneficial for the majority.

This theory emphasizes the creation of rights through societal agreement and the importance of what benefits the greatest number of people.

A key advocate of Social Rights, who believed that social utility, or what benefits the majority, should be the basis for defining rights.

A notable advocate of Social Rights, who also promoted the idea of social utility as a basis for defining rights.

Natural law is a system of rules and principles that are thought to be inherent in nature and accessible to human reason. It is a source of moral and legal principles that were believed to be universal and unchanging.

Rousseau believed that individuals enter society with the inherent right to be free and independent, and that the only legitimate form of government is one that is based on the consent of the governed.

The theory that rights are directly created and enforced by the state. It suggests that rights are granted by governing power and individuals have no inherent rights without state recognition.

A theory that rights emerge from the historical development of customs and traditions, passed down through generations. Emphasis is on the long-standing practices of a society as the source of rights.

The principle of greatest happiness for the greatest number of people. This concept guides decisions based on maximizing happiness and minimizing harm for the majority.

The usefulness or value of something. In this case, it refers to the value of rights to individuals and society. The utility of a right is measured by its benefit to both.

Rights are not inherent or natural but are created by the state. Individuals have no rights without the state providing them.

Rights are considered essential for the development of human society. They are not simply granted; they are a cornerstone of societal progress.

Rights are grounded in the contributions individuals make to the well-being of society. The more one contributes, the more rights they should have.

Rights are not absolute or independent but are derived from the needs of individuals and the requirements of society. They are subject to adjustments based on changing social needs.

This theory argues that rights originate from the economic power dynamics within a society. It suggests that the dominant economic group dictates the laws and legal rights, ensuring their own interests are protected.

He believed that the State is a tool for maintaining the existing social order, and that laws are designed to safeguard the interests of the ruling class.

This concept rejects the idea of inherent or natural rights. Instead, it emphasizes that rights are created and shaped by the economic realities of a society.

Laski believed that the distribution of economic power determines the legal duties imposed on individuals. He argued that the economically powerful group controls the government and uses it to secure their own interests.

This theory suggests that laws and rights are used to maintain and perpetuate the dominance of the economically powerful group. In this view, equality before the law is a facade that masks actual inequality.

It argues that rights are not inherent or created by customs but emerge from the interplay of economic forces and the need to manage them.

The dominant economic group in society uses the government to control the legal system, ensuring that laws are designed to protect their own interests.

Rights are not seen as fixed or unchanging but are dynamic and evolve with the changing economic realities and social dynamics of a society.