10 Questions
According to behaviorist theorists, what are the three elements involved in the learning process?
Antecedent conditions, Required behavior, Consequences of the behavior
How do cognitive theorists describe learners' reaction to stimuli?
Selective processing
What is the main focus of cognitive learning according to cognitive theorists?
Understanding and applying information
According to behaviorist theorists, what role does a reinforcing stimulus play in learning?
Causes a change in behavior
In the behaviorist theory of learning, what is the relationship between problem and solution?
Problem leads to solution through behavior change
What is one of the key notions emphasized by cognitive theorists?
There is latent/hidden learning effect
What is the focus of the Cognitive Domain?
Knowledge or mind-based learning
What are typical verbs used in the understanding level of the Cognitive Domain?
Describe, compare, and contrast
How do motivation theorists differ from cognitive theorists according to the text?
Motivation theorists argue that people need to be motivated to learn
What does the theory of motivation emphasize as important for learning?
Desire and willingness to learn
Study Notes
Theories of Learning
- There are three theoretical approaches to learning: behaviorist, cognitive, and motivation theories.
- Each approach attempts to answer questions about learning, including whether people learn before teaching and why they want to learn.
Behaviorist Theory
- This approach suggests that people learn to react to a stimulus, involving antecedent conditions, required behavior, and consequences of behavior.
- There is always a reinforcing stimulus leading to a change in behavior, which positively supports human life.
Cognitive Theory
- Cognitive learning involves understanding, applying, analyzing, and interpreting information to make decisions.
- Learners associate meaning with stimuli, and prior knowledge and information are emphasized.
- Two key notions of cognitive theorists are that humans reorganize existing knowledge to solve problems and that there is latent/hidden learning.
Motivation Theory
- This approach argues that people need to be motivated to learn, and that motivation refers to the desire to do something.
- Teachers can find motivating factors by asking students why they enrolled in a course and by pooling their opinions.
Learning Domains
- Learning domains, or categories of learning outcomes, are critical to consider when planning lessons.
- There are three main learning domains: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor.
Cognitive Domain
- This domain focuses on knowledge or mind-based learning, with three instructional levels: fact, understanding, and application.
- Verbs used at the fact level include define, identify, and list; at the understanding level, include describe, compare and contrast; and at the application level, include explain, apply, and analyze.
- Delivery in this domain is typically through lectures or presentations, and evaluation involves subjective and objective test items.
Explore questions related to learning and teaching such as whether people learn before teaching, in the absence of teachers, and why people want to learn. Learn about the three theoretical approaches to learning including behaviorism.
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