Theories of Globalization Quiz

Study Notes

Globalization studies are interdisciplinary, including ethnic, women's, cultural, social sciences, history, law, and more.
Emerged in the 1970s, influenced by developments such as the rise of a globalized economy, transnational migration, and global cultural patterns.
Key topics include social hierarchies, inequalities, new global governance structures, and cultural flows.

No consensus on the definition of globalization; seen as an "essentially contested concept."
Central questions include when globalization begins (historical vs. modern perspectives) and its determinants (economic, political, cultural).
Examines whether globalization is a process or a condition and its impact on social structures and the nation-state.

World-System Theory
- Immanuel Wallerstein's model highlights a capitalist world-system with core, periphery, and semi-periphery classifications.
- Key elements include cyclical growth patterns, exploitation, and a transition to a new historical system.
Theories of Global Capitalism
- Critique capitalism, viewing globalization as a new stage.
- Sklair's Transnational Practices: Analyzes economic, political, and cultural-ideological transnational interactions, focusing on transnational corporations and capitalist classes.
- Robinson's Global Economy: Describes the shift to a global economy, featuring elements like transnational production and the emergence of a transnational capitalist class.
Hardt and Negri's Postmodern Theory
- Combines Marx with Foucault to describe contemporary global capitalism as a decentralized "empire."
- Emphasizes the revolutionizing nature of globalization, impacting all social and cultural aspects.

Robertson's Universalization of Modernity
- Defines globalization as the spread of modernity and global interdependence.
Giddens' Late Modernity
- Argues globalization is the result of completed modernization and emphasizes the role of nation-states in global power dynamics.
Meyer et al.'s Institutional Analysis
- Focuses on the spread of modern values through networks and institutions, highlighting the educational role in transmitting global culture.
Albrow's Global Age
- Claims globalization marks the end of the modern age and the rise of a global identity, decentring the nation-state.

Robertson's Global Consciousness
- Discusses awareness of the world as a single entity, pushing towards cultural awareness.
Tomlinson's Cultural Theories
- Identifies three positions: homogenization, heterogeneity, and hybridization regarding cultural interactions.
Ritzer's McDonaldization
- Describes cultural homogenization through the principles of fast-food, leading to rationalization and dehumanization within society.
Appadurai's Global Cultural Flows
- Introduces concepts of "disjunctive orders" in economy, culture, and politics, highlighting the complexities of global interactions.