18 Questions
What approach involves reasoning from general principles to specific predictions?
Deductive model
Which role does induction play in research?
Derives general principles from specific observations
How do researchers use deduction to complement induction?
By making precise predictions from established theories
What is the main purpose of induction in theory development?
Deriving general principles from specific observations
How does the deductive model facilitate theory testing?
By validating theories through empirical research
What is the key benefit of combining induction and deduction in research?
Testing and refining theories
How do researchers use inductive reasoning to construct theories?
By creating explanations that account for empirical data
Which approach is used to test the assumptions of a theory?
Deductive reasoning
What role does serendipity play in scientific research?
Fostering unexpected observations
Which concept suggests that unexpected discoveries can lead to new hypotheses and avenues of research?
Windfall hypothesis
Which type of hypothesis is preferred over a more complex version that includes additional conditions or qualifiers?
Fruitful hypothesis
What characterizes deduction in the context of developing theories?
Reasoning from specific predictions to general principles
Watson and Rayner's study on classical conditioning is an example of a __________ hypothesis.
Fruitful
Why is inductive reasoning important in building theories?
To construct explanations that account for empirical data
What model involves reasoning from specific instances to general principles and is commonly used in scientific inquiry?
Inductive model
In the inductive model, what fundamental tool is used for constructing theories in psychology?
Specific instances
Which of the following would NOT be a characteristic of a fruitful hypothesis?
Including multiple qualifiers
When a stranger uses specific facts about you to reach a more general conclusion, they are using __________ reasoning.
Inductive
This quiz covers the process of theory development in psychology, including the role of empirical data, the deductive model, and how general principles are used to make specific predictions. Explore concepts related to induction and deduction in research.
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