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Questions and Answers

What is the primary product of hepatic metabolism of Lidocaine?

CINCHONA bark

Monoethlyglycinexylidide (MEGX) (correct)

Theophylline

N-acetylprocainamide (NAPA)

Which drug is derived from the leaves of foxglove plant and used to treat CHF and Atrial fibrillation or flutter?

Theophylline

Disopyramide

Quinidine

Digoxin (correct)

What is the primary use of Amiodarone?

To treat ventricular arrhythmias that arise after AMI (correct)

To control supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias

To treat chronic obstructive lung disease

To treat neonatal apnea

What is the primary product of hepatic metabolism of lidocaine?

Monoethlyglycinexylidide Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is used to treat neonatal apnea?

Theophylline Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is derived from the CINCHONA bark and can cause CINCHONISM syndrome?

Quinidine Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Digoxin?

Inhibits membrane NA-K-ATPase pump Signup and view all the answers

What is the main adverse effect of Disopyramide?

Anticholinergic effects Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of Amiodarone?

Treats life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of Quinidine?

Cinchona bark Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of Lidocaine?

Treats life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Diazepam?

Enhances the activity of GABA receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of Carbamazepine?

Controls seizure disorders and relieves pain with trigeminal neuralgia Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Digoxin?

Inhibits membrane NA-K-ATPase pump Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential adverse effect of Disopyramide?

Dryness of mouth, nose, throat, eyes, and urinary retention Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication for Amiodarone?

Treatment of life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential adverse effect of Aminoglycosides?

Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Vancomycin?

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication for Diazepam?

Sedation and muscle relaxation Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential adverse effect of Carbamazepine?

Rash, hepatic failure, and leukopenia Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Overview of Common Drugs Used in Treatment of Cardiovascular and Neurological Disorders

Theophylline, a methylated xanthine, is used to relax bronchial smooth muscle for bronchodilation in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease and neonatal apnea.
Digoxin, a cardiac glycoside from foxglove plant, inhibits membrane NA-K-ATPase pump to improve myocardial contraction and is used for CHF and atrial fibrillation/flutter.
Disopyramide, used for ventricular arrhythmias, has anticholinergic effects causing dryness of mouth, nose, throat, eyes, urinary retention, blurred vision, and mental depression.
Lidocaine, an anti-arrhythmic and local anesthetic, treats ventricular arrhythmias after AMI and is metabolized to Monoethlyglycinexylidide (MEGX), which should be considered in TDM.
Quinidine, derived from CINCHONA bark, is used for supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, but can cause CINCHONISM syndrome due to its cardiac depressant properties.
Procainamide, converted to N-acetylprocainamide (NAPA) in the liver, is potent in controlling supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.
Amiodarone treats life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias unresponsive to less toxic agents.
Aminoglycosides interfere with bacterial protein synthesis and are commonly administered via IV or IM route, but can cause ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity.
Vancomycin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis and can cause "red man syndrome" (erythemic flushing of extremities).
Phenytoin, an anticonvulsant, is used to control seizure disorders and to treat "status epilepticus".
Diazepam, a benzodiazepine tranquilizer, is used as a sedative, antianxiety agent, muscle relaxant, and immediate "rapid" control of seizures in emergency situations.
Phenobarbital and primidone, barbiturates, are frequently used to treat different types of seizures by decreasing the threshold of nerve cell stimulation in the motor cortex.
Carbamazepine is effective in controlling grand mal and psychomotor seizures and in relieving pain with trigeminal neuralgia, but can cause chronic adverse effects such as rash, hepatic failure, and leukopenia.

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Description

"Test Your Knowledge: Theophylline and Digoxin - Medications for Lung Disease and Heart Conditions" - Take this quiz to see how much you know about two important drugs used in the treatment of chronic obstructive lung disease and heart conditions. Learn more about their mechanisms of action, therapeutic uses, and potential side effects. Challenge yourself with this quiz and improve your understanding of these important medications.