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Questions and Answers
Pannenberg asserts that Jesus' authority was confirmed solely through his teachings before the resurrection.
Pannenberg asserts that Jesus' authority was confirmed solely through his teachings before the resurrection.
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According to Pannenberg, Jesus' ministry involves the hope that God's sovereignty will be revealed to all people.
According to Pannenberg, Jesus' ministry involves the hope that God's sovereignty will be revealed to all people.
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Pannenberg claims that the crucifixion of Jesus provided clear evidence of God's sovereignty.
Pannenberg claims that the crucifixion of Jesus provided clear evidence of God's sovereignty.
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Pannenberg states that Jesus' unity with God was fully established by his pre-Easter claims.
Pannenberg states that Jesus' unity with God was fully established by his pre-Easter claims.
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The disciples viewed the resurrection of Jesus as a significant end time event confirming God's offer to all.
The disciples viewed the resurrection of Jesus as a significant end time event confirming God's offer to all.
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The approach from above in theology focuses on the historical context of Peter's statement to Jesus.
The approach from above in theology focuses on the historical context of Peter's statement to Jesus.
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In the Old Testament, the kings of Israel are referred to as 'sons of God' but are not considered deities.
In the Old Testament, the kings of Israel are referred to as 'sons of God' but are not considered deities.
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The language of being 'begotten' in the Old Testament is understood in a literal sense as a genealogy between the Israelite king and God.
The language of being 'begotten' in the Old Testament is understood in a literal sense as a genealogy between the Israelite king and God.
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The classic text cited concerning the kings of Israel is found in the book of Exodus.
The classic text cited concerning the kings of Israel is found in the book of Exodus.
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Divine sonship in the Old Testament is viewed as a metaphorical concept and does not imply the kings were seen as divine beings.
Divine sonship in the Old Testament is viewed as a metaphorical concept and does not imply the kings were seen as divine beings.
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Apollinaris' theology was widely accepted as it fully addressed the requirements of redemption.
Apollinaris' theology was widely accepted as it fully addressed the requirements of redemption.
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The criticism against Apollinaris included accusations of falling into Docetic errors.
The criticism against Apollinaris included accusations of falling into Docetic errors.
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Gregory of Nazianzus argued that if Christ only assumed human flesh, the issue of sin would remain unaddressed.
Gregory of Nazianzus argued that if Christ only assumed human flesh, the issue of sin would remain unaddressed.
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Gregory of Nyssa stated that what is united to God becomes damned.
Gregory of Nyssa stated that what is united to God becomes damned.
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The followers of Antioch in Syria are presumed to have favored a Christology from below.
The followers of Antioch in Syria are presumed to have favored a Christology from below.
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Nestorius believed that the divine and human natures of Christ should be completely merged into one.
Nestorius believed that the divine and human natures of Christ should be completely merged into one.
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The debate regarding Nestorius's views primarily revolved around whether the Virgin Mary could be referred to as the mother of God.
The debate regarding Nestorius's views primarily revolved around whether the Virgin Mary could be referred to as the mother of God.
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Nestorius argued that the impassibility of 'the God' should not be preserved in the context of the Incarnation.
Nestorius argued that the impassibility of 'the God' should not be preserved in the context of the Incarnation.
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The Council of Chalcedon took place in 431 AD as a response to Nestorius's teachings.
The Council of Chalcedon took place in 431 AD as a response to Nestorius's teachings.
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Nestorius proposed that the union of God the Word with humanity involved a hypostatic union.
Nestorius proposed that the union of God the Word with humanity involved a hypostatic union.
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Study Notes
Session 4: Christology Transcript
- Jesus asks his disciples "who do people say I am?"
- Disciples report people consider Jesus a prophet
- Jesus further asks "who do you say I am?"
- Peter declares Jesus as Messiah, Son of the living God
- Two contrasting interpretations of this passage are Classical Christology and Modern Christology
Christology from Above
- From 18th century, Peter's statement interpreted that Jesus is literally God's offspring
- Church proclaimed Jesus as incarnation of the second person of the trinity.
- Commentators argued that if Jesus is Son of God, he must be God
- Christology from above begins with Jesus' divinity and analyses human nature, tracing his path down from heaven
Christology from Below
- In contrast to Christology from above, it emphasizes historical context of the time period.
- Examines Old Testament descriptions of kings as "sons of God".
- Key conclusion: those descriptions are metaphorical, not literal divinity.
- Modern scholarship suggests the synoptic gospels do not depict Jesus as pre-existent.
Two Approaches
- Modern Christology grapples with the contrast between classical high Christology and historical investigation of Jesus' life.
- One approach affirms classical Christology, starting with faith in Jesus Christ.
- Another approach investigates Jesus' claims from a historical perspective.
Pannenberg's Christology from Below
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Pannenberg's Christology emphasizes the importance of context and prophetic hope.
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Claims Jesus' ministry aimed at future validation.
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Argument centers on the resurrection as verification.
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Pannenberg sees Jesus' divinity revealed through resurrection.
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Jesus' ministry validated by historical events and actions
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Resurrection verifies Jesus' claims about the kingdom of God
Where Have We Got To?
- Summary of Pannenberg's view on Jesus' ministry
- Jesus claims end times are beginning with his ministry
- Resurrection validates Jesus' authority and divinity.
Ontology, Epistemology & Adoptionist Christology
- Exploring ways of understanding and knowing Jesus' divinity
- Above (faith) and Below (historical reconstruction)
- Comparing different ontological approaches (divine first, human first).
Docetism & Gnosticism
- Examination of Christological beliefs
- Docetism suggests Jesus only appeared human, not truly human.
- These ideas rejected Jesus' full humanity
Nestorius
- Debate between Alexandrian and Antiochian perspectives about Jesus' nature
- Nestorius challenged the title "Mother of God" for Mary.
- Nestorius believed that Christ had two separate natures.
- The council of Chalcedon provided a unified doctrine of the union of two natures within one person.
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Description
Explore the theological perspectives two contrasting views: Classical Chrisology (From Above) and Modern Christology (From Below). Explore the thinking of one of the main theologians of Church history, Pannenberg, on Jesus' authority and the concept of divine sonship in the Old Testament, as well as those of Nestorius and the controversy around his views leading the seminal Council of Chaledon. This quiz examines key assertions regarding Jesus' teachings, crucifixion, and the significance of resurrection in confirming God's sovereignty. Delve into historical contexts and biblical references to deepen your understanding. The Study Notes and Flash cards will help you revise the material for the quiz as well as putting the information on the video into a simply, summary form.
