BioChem 3: Acids and Bases

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Which of the following is an example of a strong acid?

CH3COOH

NaOH

HCl (correct)

H2CO3

Which of the following equations represents the ionization of HCl in water?

HCl + H2O -> H3O+ + Cl-

HCl -> H+ + Cl- (correct)

HCl + H+ + Cl-

HCl + OH- -> H2O + Cl-

What is the pH of a solution with a concentration of HCl of 0.01M?

3

4

1

2 (correct)

What is the pH of a solution with a concentration of HCl of 0.001M?

3 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a strong base?

NaOH Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following equations represents the ionization of NaOH in water?

NaOH + H2O -> Na+ + OH- Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH of a solution with a concentration of NaOH of 0.01M?

14 Signup and view all the answers

What does the "p" in pH mean?

it indicates the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration Signup and view all the answers

What is the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation used to describe?

The ionization of weak acids Signup and view all the answers

Substance X is 50% deprotonated at a pH of 8.5 and almost 100% deprotonated at a pH of 9.5. Which of the following best describes X?

weak base Signup and view all the answers

Which property of water is responsible for its high boiling point?

High heat of vaporization Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH of a solution with a hydroxide ion concentration of $10^{-5}$ M?

9 Signup and view all the answers

A reaction has a positive ΔH. Which of the following statements is true about this reaction?

This is an endothermic reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH of a neutral solution?

7 Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is transported back into the red blood cell in the lungs?

HCO3- Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of carbonic anhydrase in the lungs?

It converts H2CO3 to CO2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH range for cell survival?

6-8 Signup and view all the answers

Why does blood pH increase with hyperventilation?

Hyperventilation causes a decrease in HCO3- concentration Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond is stronger: a hydrogen bond or a covalent bond?

Covalent bond Signup and view all the answers

What is the solute in a solution of water and salt?

Salt Signup and view all the answers

What protects the body against acidity from normal metabolism?

Buffers, expiration of CO2 through the lungs, and excretion of NH4+ through the kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating pH?

pH = -log[H+] Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of acid production from normal metabolism in the body?

13 to 22 mol/day Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is exported in the plasma via the HCO3-/Cl- transporter?

H2CO3 Signup and view all the answers

How many hydrogen bonds can each water molecule form?

4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the main solvent in biosystems?

Water Signup and view all the answers

What happens to H2CO3 in the lungs?

It is converted to water and CO2 Signup and view all the answers

Why do cells die when the pH falls below 6.8?

Low pH denatures enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of carbonic anhydrase in the body?

the reversible reaction of H2CO3 to CO2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the HCO3-/Cl- transporter?

To export HCO3 from the the body and balance intracellular pH Signup and view all the answers

Match the buffering system with where it works best:

Bicarbonate = An important extracellular buffer, with minimal intracellular buffering ability Phosphate = An important intracellular buffer, with minimal blood buffering ability Protein = An important intracellular buffer, with some blood buffering ability Bicarbonate = HCO3 -> H2CO3 -> carbonic anhydrase -> CO2 _ H2O Signup and view all the answers

Choose the TRUE statements regarding the Henderson-Hassel Bach equation (more than one may apply):

B and C are correct Signup and view all the answers