The Water Molecule Quiz/ PH scale chapter 2.2

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of an organism's total body weight is made up of water?

30-40%

60-70% (correct)

10-20%

80-90%

What type of bond is responsible for the attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen to a slightly negative oxygen or nitrogen?

Polar bond

Covalent bond

Hydrogen bond (correct)

Ionic bond

What property of water is responsible for preventing large temperature changes in the body?

Adhesion

High heat capacity (correct)

High heat of vaporization

Cohesion

What property of water is responsible for sweating cooling us off?

High heat of vaporization Signup and view all the answers

What is a solution?

Water with dissolved solutes Signup and view all the answers

What is the transport medium that carries dissolved nutrients and waste in the body?

Blood Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecules attract water and are hydrophilic?

Polar molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the property of water responsible for ice floating on liquid water?

Expanding as it freezes Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules?

Hydrophilic molecules attract water, while hydrophobic molecules do not Signup and view all the answers

What is the property of water responsible for water molecules clinging to each other through hydrogen bonds?

Cohesion Signup and view all the answers

What is the property of water that prevents large temperature changes in the body?

High heat capacity Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen to a slightly negative oxygen or nitrogen?

Hydrogen bond Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe molecules that do not attract water and are nonpolar?

Hydrophobic Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH range of a neutral solution?

7 to 14 Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH of normal gastric fluid?

<3.5 Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between acids and bases?

Acids dissociate in water, releasing hydrogen ions, while bases take up hydrogen ions or release hydroxide ions Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH of a basic solution?

<blockquote> 7 </blockquote> Signup and view all the answers

What is a buffer?

A solution that resists changes in pH when acids or bases are added to it Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH of stomach acid?

<3.5 Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of carbonic acid and bicarbonate ions in the body?

They act as buffers in the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH range of an acidic solution?

<7 Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH of sodium hydroxide?

14 Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH range of the pH scale?

0 to 14 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Water Composition and Properties

Water constitutes approximately 60-70% of an organism's total body weight.
Hydrogen bonds create attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative oxygen or nitrogen atom.
High specific heat capacity of water prevents large temperature fluctuations within the body, maintaining homeostasis.
Evaporation of sweat utilizes the high latent heat of vaporization of water, providing a cooling effect on the skin.

Solutions and Transport Medium

A solution is a homogeneous mixture where one substance (solute) is dissolved in another (solvent).
Blood serves as the primary transport medium, carrying dissolved nutrients and waste throughout the body.

Molecular Interactions

Hydrophilic molecules are typically polar or ionic and readily interact with water.
Ice floats on liquid water due to water's lower density in solid form, a result of the hydrogen bonding structure.
Hydrophilic molecules attract water, while hydrophobic molecules do not interact with water and are nonpolar.

Water Cohesion and Temperature Regulation

Water molecules exhibit cohesion through hydrogen bonding, allowing them to cling to each other.
Water’s high heat capacity prevents drastic temperature changes, contributing to stable internal body conditions.

Acids, Bases, and pH

Neutral solutions have a pH range of 7.
Normal gastric fluid has a pH around 1.5-3.5, indicating its acidity.
Acids donate protons (H+) in solution, while bases accept protons.
Basic solutions typically have a pH higher than 7, with sodium hydroxide having a pH of around 13.
A buffer is a solution that resists changes in pH when acids or bases are added, helping to maintain stability in biological systems.
Stomach acid (gastric acid) has a pH between 1.5 and 3.5, essential for digestion.
Acidic solutions range from a pH of 0 to 6.9 on the pH scale.
The pH scale ranges from 0 (most acidic) to 14 (most basic), with 7 being neutral.

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Description

"Test Your Knowledge: The Fascinating Properties of Water Molecules!" Take this quiz to learn more about the unique characteristics of water molecules, including their polarity and the role hydrogen bonds play in creating special properties. Challenge yourself with questions on the abundance of water in organisms and the partial charges of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Become a water molecule expert today!