Questions and Answers
Name the five toxic nitrogenous wastes and their effects on the body.
The five toxic nitrogenous wastes are ammonia, urea, uric acid, creatine, and creatinine. They can cause diarrhea, vomiting, cardiac arrhythmia, convulsions, coma, and death.
What are the functions of the kidneys?
The functions of the kidneys include filtering blood plasma, separating wastes, returning useful materials to the blood, eliminating wastes, regulating blood volume and osmolarity, producing hormones (renin, erythropoietin, calcitriol), regulating acid-base balance of body fluids, and detoxifying superoxides, free radicals, and drugs.
Where do the kidneys lie?
The kidneys lie along the posterior abdominal wall.
What is the medial surface of the kidney like?
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What are the three hormones produced by the kidneys?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?
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What are the effects of toxic nitrogenous wastes on the body?
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Where is the hilum of the kidney located?
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What is the primary function of the urinary system?
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Which of the following is NOT a hormone produced by the kidneys?
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Study Notes
Kidney Functions and Structure
- The kidneys produce three hormones: erythropoietin, calcitriol, and renin.
- The kidneys are located in the lower back, one on each side of the spine, protected by the rib cage.
Toxic Nitrogenous Wastes
- The five toxic nitrogenous wastes are: urea, uric acid, creatinine, ammonia, and amino acids.
- These wastes can cause harm to the body, such as:
- Urea: can cause kidney failure and damage to other organs
- Uric acid: can cause gout and kidney stones
- Creatinine: can cause kidney damage and muscle cramps
- Ammonia: can cause brain damage and death
- Amino acids: can cause metabolic disorders and acid-base imbalance
Kidney Structure
- The medial surface of the kidney is concave, with a groove called the hilum.
- The hilum is located at the medial border of the kidney and is where the renal artery, renal vein, and ureter enter the kidney.
Urinary System
- The primary function of the urinary system is to remove waste and excess fluids from the body.
What the Kidneys Do Not Do
- The kidneys do not produce insulin, which is produced by the pancreas.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the urinary system with this quiz! Learn about the anatomy, urine formation, storage, and elimination process. Discover the important functions of the kidneys, including filtering blood plasma and eliminating toxic nitrogenous wastes. Take the quiz now and improve your understanding of this essential body system.
