The Ultimate Immune System Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is immunocompetence?

The prevention of autoimmune diseases

The process of lymphocyte specialization for reacting to only one specific antigen

The ability of the body to react with countless foreign substances (correct)

The rapid mobilization of lymphocytes that have been programmed to recall their first engagement with the invader

Where do B cells mature?

Spleen

Thymus

Bone marrow (correct)

Lymphoid tissues

What is the function of an antigen presenting cell (APC)?

To rapidly mobilize lymphocytes

To present antigens to T cells (correct)

To prevent autoimmune diseases

To produce clones of activated lymphocytes

What is the result of mitosis after lymphocyte activation?

Production of many clones Signup and view all the answers

Where do T cells migrate to for further development?

Thymus Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of B and T cells upon reaching secondary lymphoid tissues?

Equipped to respond to a single, unique antigen Signup and view all the answers

What is the key feature of each naïve lymphocyte?

Bearing an antigen receptor that recognizes a unique antigen Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of specific immunity with respect to antigen recognition?

Highly specific to the antigen against which the third line of defense is directed Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that specializes lymphocytes for reacting to only one specific antigen?

Selective process during lymphocyte development Signup and view all the answers

Which type of T cell is responsible for preventing autoimmunity?

Regulatory T cell Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of specific immunity in the context of autoimmune diseases?

Prevents autoimmune diseases Signup and view all the answers

Which antibody class is present in secretions from mucous membranes?

IgA Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of IgE antibody?

Stimulates mast cells to recruit eosinophils Signup and view all the answers

What is the biological function of IgG antibody?

Long-term immunity; memory antibodies Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of perforins in cytotoxic T cell activation?

Punches holes in the membranes of target cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of B cells when activated by antigen?

Release antibodies into the tissue and blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of memory T cells?

Quickly convert into large numbers of effector T cells upon re-exposure to the specific invading antigen Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of IgM antibody in the immune response?

Produced at first response to antigen; can serve as B-cell receptor Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of killer T cells (CD8 cells)?

Kill other cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of monitoring antibody production over time?

To determine how the immune system reacts to antigen Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of B-cells in the immune system?

Produce immunoglobulins, which are antibodies Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of immunoglobulins (antibodies)?

Constant and variable regions, and a Y-shaped arrangement with two binding sites Signup and view all the answers

What leads to antibody variability?

Interchangeable sections in the gene for the binding region Signup and view all the answers

How do T cell receptors differ from B cell receptors?

T cell receptors are smaller and never secreted Signup and view all the answers

What types of molecules do B cell receptors recognize?

Many types of molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of clonal deletion in the immune system?

Remove potentially harmful clones, forming the basis of immune tolerance Signup and view all the answers

What are antigens in the context of the immune system?

Chemical substances that bind to immune cells and can be immunogens or haptens Signup and view all the answers

What are alloantigens in the context of the immune system?

Cell surface markers that occur in some members of the same species but not in others Signup and view all the answers

What are epitopes in the context of the immune system?

The portion of the antigen molecule recognized by lymphocytes, signaling foreignness Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) in the immune system?

Codes for cell surface proteins and presents antigens to T cells Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Understanding the Immune System

B-cells "home" to lymphoid tissue and produce immunoglobulins, which are antibodies.
Immunoglobulins have constant and variable regions, and a Y-shaped arrangement with two binding sites.
The gene for the binding region has interchangeable sections, leading to antibody variability.
T cell receptors are similar to B cell receptors but are smaller and never secreted.
B cell receptors recognize many types of molecules, while T cell receptors recognize only proteins.
Clonal deletion removes potentially harmful clones, forming the basis of immune tolerance.
Antigens are chemical substances that bind to immune cells and can be immunogens or haptens.
Epitopes are the portion of the antigen molecule recognized by lymphocytes, signaling foreignness.
Alloantigens are cell surface markers that occur in some members of the same species but not in others.
Superantigens are potent stimuli for T cells, activating them at a rate 100 times greater than ordinary antigens.
The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) codes for cell surface proteins and presents antigens to T cells.
Antigen presenting cells, such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells, present antigens to T-lymphocytes.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the immune system with this quiz covering B-cells, T-cells, antibodies, antigens, MHC, and more. Challenge yourself with questions on immune tolerance, clonal deletion, and the role of antigen presenting cells.