Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the lithosphere made of?
What is the lithosphere made of?
- Lower portion of the crust and uppermost part of the mantle (correct)
- Entire mantle and upper crust
- Upper portion of the crust and lowermost part of the mantle
- Entire crust and upper mantle
What causes the creation of mountains?
What causes the creation of mountains?
- Slow movement of tectonic plates due to convection currents in the mantle (correct)
- Crust being pushed down into the mantle to be melted
- Eruptions of volcanoes
- Direct path for magma to escape to the Earth's crust
What are tectonic plates made of?
What are tectonic plates made of?
- Thin pieces of lithosphere including only oceanic crust
- Thin pieces of lithosphere including both oceanic and continental mantle
- Thin pieces of lithosphere including only continental crust
- Thick pieces of lithosphere including oceanic and continental crust (correct)
What scientific principle causes the different layers of the Earth?
What scientific principle causes the different layers of the Earth?
What refers to the line between tectonic plates that sees geological activity when they move?
What refers to the line between tectonic plates that sees geological activity when they move?
What are the three main rocky layers of the Earth?
What are the three main rocky layers of the Earth?
Which layer of the Earth consists of a semi-solid magma layer?
Which layer of the Earth consists of a semi-solid magma layer?
What is the composition of the Earth's core?
What is the composition of the Earth's core?
Why is it difficult to answer how many layers make up the Earth?
Why is it difficult to answer how many layers make up the Earth?
What makes up the outer layer of the Earth on which humans and animals live and plants grow?
What makes up the outer layer of the Earth on which humans and animals live and plants grow?
What is the primary composition of the Earth's core?
What is the primary composition of the Earth's core?
At what depth does the mantle's asthenosphere start?
At what depth does the mantle's asthenosphere start?
What causes the Earth's magnetic field?
What causes the Earth's magnetic field?
Which layer of the Earth is considered to be a solid plasma by some scientists?
Which layer of the Earth is considered to be a solid plasma by some scientists?
Where is the Earth's crust thickest?
Where is the Earth's crust thickest?
Study Notes
- The Earth is made up of multiple layers, including rocky layers and atmospheric layers. This summary focuses on the rocky layers.
- The Earth's core consists of a solid inner core and a liquid outer core. Both are primarily composed of iron and nickel.
- Inner core: Extremely hot (over 9000 degrees F) and under immense pressure (up to 3.6 million atmospheres), keeping it in a solid state. Some scientists consider it a solid plasma.
- Outer core: Liquid, made up of iron and nickel, and under less pressure than the inner core, causing it to be in a liquid state. Generates Earth's magnetic field.
- The mantle is the largest layer, making up about 84% of the Earth's total volume. It starts about 20 miles below the surface and extends approximately 1800 miles towards the core.
- Asthenosphere: Uppermost layer, about 60 miles below the surface, behaves like a convection oven with molten magma, causes earthquakes and volcanic activity.
- Central mantle/transition zone: Rocks transform into denser forms, extends from 250 to 410 miles below the surface, holds as much water as Earth's oceans.
- Lower mantle: Hottest and densest layer, starts about 410 miles below the surface, more solid than other layers due to increased pressure.
- The Earth's crust is the thinnest layer, supporting all life and is solid but brittle. It is about 20 miles thick on average, thinnest at the bottom of the ocean, and thickest at mountain tops.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the three main layers of the Earth's rocky portion. Understand the composition and characteristics of the crust, mantle, and core.
