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Questions and Answers
What event led to Gen.Arthur MacArthur ordering his men to advance against Filipino forces?
What event led to Gen.Arthur MacArthur ordering his men to advance against Filipino forces?
What was the outcome of Gen.Licerio Geronimo's conquest of Gen.Henry Lawton's forces?
What was the outcome of Gen.Licerio Geronimo's conquest of Gen.Henry Lawton's forces?
Who was responsible for the defeat of Antonio Luna in Kalookan?
Who was responsible for the defeat of Antonio Luna in Kalookan?
When did Emilio Aguinaldo take his oath of allegiance to the United States?
When did Emilio Aguinaldo take his oath of allegiance to the United States?
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What prompted Macario Sakay to take the fight to Sierra Madre and declare a 'Tagalog Republic'?
What prompted Macario Sakay to take the fight to Sierra Madre and declare a 'Tagalog Republic'?
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Who resisted the American occupation and led the defense of Iloilo during the Philippine-American War in the Visayas?
Who resisted the American occupation and led the defense of Iloilo during the Philippine-American War in the Visayas?
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What did the Filipino historian Teodoro Agoncillo coin to describe the events surrounding the American involvement in the Philippines?
What did the Filipino historian Teodoro Agoncillo coin to describe the events surrounding the American involvement in the Philippines?
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What did the Americans promise Aguinaldo in order to get his cooperation against the Spanish?
What did the Americans promise Aguinaldo in order to get his cooperation against the Spanish?
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How did the Americans treat Aguinaldo after the surrender of the Spanish was secured?
How did the Americans treat Aguinaldo after the surrender of the Spanish was secured?
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What did the Americans do in regards to the areas to be occupied by the Filipinos after the collapse of the Spanish colonial government?
What did the Americans do in regards to the areas to be occupied by the Filipinos after the collapse of the Spanish colonial government?
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What was the reason given for the absence of a Filipino representative during the negotiations of the Treaty of Paris?
What was the reason given for the absence of a Filipino representative during the negotiations of the Treaty of Paris?
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Study Notes
The Battle of Manila
- General Arthur MacArthur ordered his men to advance against Filipino forces after the Battle of Manila, which saw the defeat of the Spanish forces by the combined forces of the Americans and Filipinos.
The Battle of Zapote Bridge
- General Licerio Geronimo's successful conquest of General Henry Lawton's forces at the Battle of Zapote Bridge resulted in a significant setback for the American forces.
The Fall of Antonio Luna
- Antonio Luna was defeated in Kalookan by elements of the Philippine Revolutionary Army, influenced by Aguinaldo's suspicions of Luna's loyalty and potential threat to his leadership.
The Oath of Allegiance
- Emilio Aguinaldo took his oath of allegiance to the United States on June 23, 1901, marking a significant shift in the political landscape and solidifying the American control over the Philippines.
The Sierra Madre Rebellion
- Macario Sakay was forced to retreat to the Sierra Madre and declared a 'Tagalog Republic,' a decision sparked by the escalation of American military dominance and Aguinaldo's cooperation with them, fueling resistance among some segments of the Filipino population.
The Defense of Iloilo
- General Martin Delgado led the defense of Iloilo during the Philippine-American War, showcasing sustained resistance to the American occupation in the Visayas.
The "Benevolent Assimilation"
- The Filipino historian Teodoro Agoncillo labeled the American involvement in the Philippines as "Benevolent Assimilation," highlighting the apparent intention to bring the Philippines under American control while fostering goodwill.
The Promise to Aguinaldo
- The Americans promised independence to Aguinaldo in order to gain his cooperation against the Spanish, promising self-determination after the successful expulsion of the Spanish colonial rule.
The Treatment of Aguinaldo
- The Americans imprisoned Aguinaldo after the surrender of the Spanish, despite their earlier promises of independence, unveiling a stark reality of their true intentions.
The American Occupation of the Philippines
- The Americans intentionally ignored the areas to be occupied by the Filipinos following the fall of the Spanish colonial government, instead establishing their own authority and control over the Philippines.
The Absence of a Filipino Representative at The Paris Peace Conference
- Filipinos were excluded from the Paris Peace Conference negotiations, effectively stripping them of their right to self-determination, highlighting the American disregard for Filipino agency.
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Description
Learn about the term 'American Apostasy' coined by Filipino historian Teodoro Agoncillo. Explore the historical background of how the Americans approached Aguinaldo in Hong Kong and Singapore during the fight for Philippine independence.
