The System Unit & Processor Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the ALU during the execution phase?

  • To transfer data between registers
  • To perform arithmetic and logical operations (correct)
  • To manage input/output operations
  • To prepare data for storage

    • What must happen to the results of an instruction after execution in the store step?

  • Results are written back to the appropriate register or memory location (correct)
  • Results are temporarily placed in cache
  • Results are printed to the output device
  • Results are discarded to free memory

    • What role do status flags play in the CPU?

  • They store the last executed instruction
  • They reflect the results of operations and guide control flow decisions (correct)
  • They manage the power supply to the CPU
  • They track the CPU's temperature

    • What is the purpose of preparing for the next cycle after the store step?

    <p>To ensure the system is ready for the next instruction cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is false regarding data movement in the execution phase?

    <p>Data movement can occur only within the CPU</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Memory Address Register (MAR)?

    <p>To store the address of the memory location to be accessed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which register holds the fetched instruction before it is decoded?

    <p>Instruction Register (IR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Status Register (SR)?

    <p>To indicate errors or exceptions in the last executed instruction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the Fetch step of the machine cycle, what does the Program Counter (PC) do?

    <p>Determines the address of the next instruction to be executed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the Decode step of the machine cycle?

    <p>The instruction is parsed to identify opcode and operands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the control unit in the processor?

    <p>Organize the sequence of micro-operations for instruction execution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which register is primarily responsible for temporarily holding data values that are being read from or written to memory?

    <p>Memory Data Register (MDR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of control signals generated after decoding an instruction?

    <p>To enable or disable specific CPU components during execution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following operations is NOT handled by the Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)?

    <p>Data loading from memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Program Counter (PC) register store?

    <p>The address of the next instruction to execute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the Program Counter (PC) during the Fetch step?

    <p>It is updated to point to the next instruction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the control unit ensure that instructions are executed in the correct order?

    <p>By verifying the delivery of control signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of operations includes shifting binary patterns in the ALU?

    <p>Bitwise operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which register holds the instruction currently being executed by the processor?

    <p>Current Instruction Register (CIR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of the control unit?

    <p>Performing arithmetic calculations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of general-purpose registers in a processor?

    <p>To store the results of intermediate calculations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The System Unit & Processor

    • The System Unit houses the main components of a computer system, including the processor, memory, and storage.

    The Processor

    Control Unit (CU)

    • The Control Unit organizes and sequences micro-operations necessary for instruction execution.
    • It decodes instructions to determine required actions, such as loading data, performing logic operations, or arithmetic calculations.
    • Transmits control signals to and from other components, verifying successful signal delivery and ensuring timely information flow.
    • Guarantees that instructions are executed in the correct order.

    Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)

    • The ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations, including:
      • Addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
      • Logical operations: AND, OR, NOT, and XOR.
      • Value comparisons: greater than, less than, equal to.
      • Binary pattern shifts (left and right).

    Registers

    • Registers are high-speed memory locations within the processor used for temporary data storage.
    • General-purpose registers hold intermediate results from computations.
    • Special-purpose registers are defined below:
      • Program Counter (PC): Stores the address of the next instruction to be executed.
      • Current Instruction Register (CIR): Holds the currently executing instruction.
      • Memory Address Register (MAR): Contains the address of the memory location to access for load or store operations.
      • Memory Data Register (MDR): Holds data values or instructions being read from or written to memory.
      • Accumulator: Stores results from ALU calculations.
      • Status Register (SR): Contains flags indicating the result state of the last instruction and detects errors or exceptions.

    Machine Cycle Steps

    Fetch

    • Involves several sub-steps:
      • The PC updates to get the address of the next instruction.
      • The CPU sends a memory read request for the address stored in the PC.
      • The fetched instruction is loaded into the Instruction Register (IR).

    Decode

    • Instruction breakdown to identify the opcode and operands.
    • Control signals are generated based on the instruction, directing operations of components like the ALU and registers.

    Execute

    • The ALU performs the specified operations.
    • Data movement occurs between registers and memory as required.
    • Input/output operations may take place if specified by the instruction.

    Store

    • Results from execution are written back to the appropriate register or memory.
    • Status flags are updated post-execution to reflect the operation's results.
    • Prepares the system for the next machine cycle, beginning again with the fetch step.

    Conclusion

    • Understanding the processor's structure and how it processes instructions (through the fetch-decode-execute-store cycle) is crucial for grasping basic computer architecture concepts.

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    Related Documents

    ITE-10 System Unit & Processor no q.pptx

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the System Unit and Processor components. This quiz covers topics such as the Control Unit, its functions, and the overall organization of the processor. Perfect for students looking to deepen their understanding of computer architecture.

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