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Questions and Answers
What type of sign language did Washoe use?
What type of sign language did Washoe use?
- Signs exclusively created for children
- Her own incomplete versions of signs (correct)
- A combination of spoken language and signs
- Only the complete signs used by adults
How was Washoe's use of sign language supported?
How was Washoe's use of sign language supported?
- She was encouraged to use signs (correct)
- Only certain signs were allowed for her use
- She was discouraged from using signs
- Sign language was not a focus in her environment
What distinguishes Washoe's signing from that of adult sign users?
What distinguishes Washoe's signing from that of adult sign users?
- She invented entirely new signs not seen before
- She only replicated adult signs perfectly
- Her signs were always recognized as valid
- Her signs were incomplete versions (correct)
What aspect of sign language usage was highlighted in Washoe's environment?
What aspect of sign language usage was highlighted in Washoe's environment?
What can be inferred about Washoe's ability to communicate?
What can be inferred about Washoe's ability to communicate?
What is the name of the language that was learned?
What is the name of the language that was learned?
What was the primary medium through which Yerkish was communicated?
What was the primary medium through which Yerkish was communicated?
Which of the following best describes the components of Yerkish?
Which of the following best describes the components of Yerkish?
What type of technology was involved in learning Yerkish?
What type of technology was involved in learning Yerkish?
What was the format of Yerkish communication?
What was the format of Yerkish communication?
What was the aim of the revisions made to the book?
What was the aim of the revisions made to the book?
What is the primary focus of 'The Study of Language'?
What is the primary focus of 'The Study of Language'?
What type of knowledge is highlighted in the book?
What type of knowledge is highlighted in the book?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a focus of the book?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a focus of the book?
Who is the intended audience for the book?
Who is the intended audience for the book?
What is a characteristic of individuals who use signs in communication?
What is a characteristic of individuals who use signs in communication?
In what way do users of sign language interact similarly to young children with speech?
In what way do users of sign language interact similarly to young children with speech?
How do individuals express the concept of time using signs?
How do individuals express the concept of time using signs?
What does the term 'response to humans' imply about sign usage?
What does the term 'response to humans' imply about sign usage?
What is a limitation in the spontaneous use of signs among individuals?
What is a limitation in the spontaneous use of signs among individuals?
What is meant by 'design features' in the context of human language compared to other communication systems?
What is meant by 'design features' in the context of human language compared to other communication systems?
Which of the following is NOT typically included when human language is analyzed alongside other communication systems?
Which of the following is NOT typically included when human language is analyzed alongside other communication systems?
Why are 'design features' significant when comparing human language with other communication systems?
Why are 'design features' significant when comparing human language with other communication systems?
In discussions about language properties, which of the following aspects is usually analyzed?
In discussions about language properties, which of the following aspects is usually analyzed?
Which statement about communication systems is likely true when comparing them to human language?
Which statement about communication systems is likely true when comparing them to human language?
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Study Notes
Overview of Language Study
- Aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of language and the methods linguists employ to gain insights.
- Revision efforts are intended to enhance readability and user-friendliness of the book.
Washoe's Language Acquisition
- Washoe, a subject in language studies, used sign language consistently during interactions.
- Encouraged to develop her own sign variations, termed “baby-versions,” reflecting her learning process.
Yerkish Language System
- Yerkish is a symbolic language using a keyboard connected to a computer, enabling non-human communication.
- Sign usage is typically reactive; signs are produced in response to human prompts rather than spontaneously.
- Demonstrated understanding of complex concepts, such as time, through combined signs like “time eat.”
Sign Interaction Among Primates
- Signs serve as a mode of interaction for Washoe and others, similar to how young children use speech.
- Emphasizes the cognitive capabilities of primates in communication beyond mere instinctual responses.
Design Features of Human Language
- Six properties or "design features" are often considered when juxtaposing human language with other forms of communication.
- These features are essential in understanding the uniqueness of human linguistic capabilities compared to animal communication systems.
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