The Spanish Tragedy Summary

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Questions and Answers

In The Spanish Tragedy, what motivates Bel-Imperia's initial affection for Horatio?

  • Balthazar's imprisonment and retrieving Andrea's body.
  • His noble birth and social standing within the Spanish court.
  • Horatio's promise to help her marry Balthazar and secure peace between Spain and Portugal.
  • A desire to avenge Andrea's death and transfer her affections. (correct)

What crucial piece of evidence does Bel-Imperia provide to Hieronimo that sets the revenge plot in motion in The Spanish Tragedy?

  • The bloody handkerchief that was found on Horatio's body.
  • A letter identifying Lorenzo and Balthazar as Horatio's murderers. (correct)
  • A confession from Pedringano before his execution implicating Lorenzo.
  • A detailed map of the location where Horatio was murdered.

In what way does Lorenzo manipulate Pedringano to betray Bel-Imperia in The Spanish Tragedy?

  • By threatening him with violence if he doesn't comply with his demands. (correct)
  • By exploiting Pedringano's loyalty and promising him a higher position.
  • By threatening to expose Pedringano's past crimes to the authorities.
  • By offering him a large sum of money in exchange for information.

What is the primary political motivation behind the planned marriage between Bel-Imperia and Balthazar in The Spanish Tragedy?

<p>To secure peace between Spain and Portugal and ensure succession to the Spanish throne. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the play within a play serve in the resolution of The Spanish Tragedy?

<p>It allows Hieronimo to exact his revenge on Lorenzo and Balthazar in a seemingly theatrical manner. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In The Jew of Malta, why does Ferneze initially target Barabas and the Jewish community?

<p>Because they are the wealthiest residents of Malta and can afford to pay the tribute. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Barabas use religious institutions to his advantage in The Jew of Malta?

<p>By manipulating friars for his own gain and orchestrating their downfall. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does Ithamore play in Barabas's schemes in The Jew of Malta?

<p>He is Barabas's accomplice, driven by ambition and greed to assist in his crimes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads to Ithamore's betrayal of Barabas in The Jew of Malta?

<p>His infatuation with Bellamira and desire for wealth. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Barabas ultimately defeated in The Jew of Malta?

<p>He falls into his own trap, orchestrated by Ferneze, designed to kill Turkish soldiers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In The Revenger's Tragedy, what is Vindice's primary motivation for seeking revenge?

<p>The Duke's poisoning of Gloriana, his betrothed, for her refusal to yield to him. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Vindice initially infiltrate the Duke's court in The Revenger's Tragedy?

<p>By assuming the role of a pander named Piato, hired by Lussurioso. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Gloriana's skull in The Revenger's Tragedy?

<p>It serves as a reminder of the Duke's cruelty and Vindice's thirst for revenge. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Vindice test the virtue of his sister, Castiza, and their mother, Gratiana, in The Revenger's Tragedy?

<p>By staging a fake seduction attempt and observing their reactions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate fate of Vindice and Hippolito at the end of The Revenger's Tragedy?

<p>They are executed for their crimes, despite having achieved their revenge. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In The Spanish Tragedy, what is the significance of Hieronimo biting out his own tongue?

<p>It symbolizes his inability to articulate the depth of his grief and rage physically. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Barabas manipulate Lodowick and Mathias into dueling in The Jew of Malta?

<p>He forges letters framing each of them as a threat to the other. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In The Revenger's Tragedy, what is the significance of Antonio's wife's suicide?

<p>It exposes the corruption and moral decay of the society depicted in the play. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Ferneze betray Barabas after initially promising him the governorship of Malta in The Jew of Malta?

<p>By tricking Barabas into falling into his own deadly trap. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for Gratiana's initial willingness to allow Vindice (disguised as Piato) to 'seduce' Castiza in The Revenger's Tragedy?

<p>She is motivated by greed and the promise of financial reward. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What motivates the Duke's sons, Ambitioso and Supervacuo, to plot against their half-brother, Lussurioso, in The Revenger's Tragedy?

<p>A desire to secure their own positions and inherit the Dukedom. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In The Spanish Tragedy, how does Hieronimo use the play to exact his revenge?

<p>He ensures that the murders committed in the play are actually real. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the central conflict that drives Abigail to convert to Christianity in The Jew of Malta?

<p>Her disillusionment with her father's ruthless pursuit of wealth and revenge. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does disguise play in advancing the plot and themes of The Revenger's Tragedy?

<p>It enables characters to manipulate and deceive others for their own gain. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Ferneze justify his betrayal of the alliance with the Turkish Empire in The Jew of Malta?

<p>He secures promise of Spanish military support. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of ending The Spanish Tragedy with Andrea's ghost and the Spirit of Revenge?

<p>To emphasize the cyclical nature of violence and revenge. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Barabas's feigned conversion to Christianity impact the plot of The Jew of Malta?

<p>It enables him to manipulate the friars and orchestrate their downfall. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does The Revenger's Tragedy critique the Jacobean court and society?

<p>By satirizing the corruption, decadence, and moral depravity of the ruling class. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering the themes of revenge in both The Spanish Tragedy and The Revenger's Tragedy, what distinguishes Hieronimo's approach from Vindice's?

<p>Hieronimo grapples with moral dilemmas, while Vindice revels in his role as an avenger. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Chorus in The Spanish Tragedy

Andrea's ghost and the Spirit of Revenge serve as the Chorus in this play, commenting on the action and seeking justice for Andrea's murder.

Who was Andrea?

He was murdered by Balthazar, sparking the play's central conflict. He was in love with Bel-Imperia.

Bel-Imperia's Romantic Entanglements

Bel-Imperia loves Horatio and seeks to avenge Andrea's death, while Balthazar is in love with her, creating a love triangle and fueling the revenge plot.

Lorenzo's Spy

Lorenzo enlists Pedringano to spy on Bel-Imperia, revealing her love for Horatio and setting in motion the events that lead to Horatio's murder.

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Horatio's Murder

Horatio is murdered by Pedringano, Lorenzo, Balthazar, and Serberine, igniting Hieronimo's quest for revenge.

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Who is Hieronimo?

He is Horatio's father, who vows revenge after discovering his son's body. The chief protagonist.

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Incriminating Letter

Bel-Imperia informs Hieronimo of Lorenzo and Balthazar's involvement in Horatio's murder, leading Hieronimo to plot his revenge.

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Play Within a Play

Hieronimo stages a play where the characters are murdered in reality, allowing him to enact his revenge on Lorenzo and Balthazar.

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Who is Governor Ferneze?

Ferneze is the Governor of Malta who initially bows to Turkish demands for tribute but later plots against them.

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Who is Barabas?

Barabas is a wealthy Jewish merchant who loses his fortune and seeks revenge on the Christians in Malta.

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Who is Abigail?

Abigail is Barabas's daughter who converts to Christianity, repenting her father's actions, but dies from his poison.

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Who is Ithamore?

Ithamore is Barabas's slave who aids in his schemes but is ultimately betrayed and exposed.

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Poisoned Convent

Barabas poisons the nuns, including his daughter Abigail, and sets up the friars to take the blame.

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Barabas's Downfall

To deceive the Turks, Barabas plots to trap them in a pit during a feast but falls into his own trap and dies.

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Whos is Piato?

Vindice disguises himself as Piato (a pander) to gain access to the Duke's court and enact his revenge.

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Vindice's Motive

Vindice seeks revenge for the murder of his beloved Gloriana, who was poisoned by the Duke for refusing his advances.

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The Duke's Demise

The Duke is killed when he kisses Gloriana's poisoned skull, fulfilling Vindice's initial act of revenge.

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Coronation Carnage

Vindice orchestrates the assassination of Lussurioso (the Duke's son) and his men during the coronation revels.

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Vindice's Punishment

After confessing his crimes, Vindice is ordered to be executed by Antonio, the newly declared ruler.

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Study Notes

Spanish Tragedy

  • Andrea, a Spanish nobleman, was killed in a battle between Spain and Portugal, before this he won the love of Bel-Imperia.
  • The three judges of hell were indecisive about Andrea's final destination, resulting in Pluto's wife sending him back to the world.
  • The Spirit of Revenge and Andrea serve as the Chorus in the play.
  • Villuppo falsely accuses Alexandro of killing Balthazar, leading to a death sentence for Alexandro.
  • Bel-Imperia loves Horatio and seeks revenge for Andrea's death, while Balthazar is in love with Bel-Imperia.
  • Lorenzo employs Pedringano to spy on Bel-Imperia, who reveals her love for Horatio.
  • A marriage is proposed between Balthazar and Bel-Imperia to unite Spain and Portugal.
  • Horatio and Bel-Imperia's meeting is disrupted when Pedringano, Lorenzo, Balthazar, and Serberine murder Horatio.
  • Hieronimo vows revenge after discovering Horatio's body, keeping his son's handkerchief as a reminder.
  • Alexandro maintains his innocence, and Villuppo is condemned to death upon confirmation of Balthazar's survival.
  • Bel-Imperia informs Hieronimo via letter that Lorenzo and Balthazar murdered Horatio.
  • Lorenzo orders Pedringano's execution to silence him, but Pedringano is defiant until the end.
  • Hieronimo uncovers that Lorenzo and Balthazar were behind Horatio's murder.
  • Hieronimo's pursuit of justice is ignored by the distracted King of Spain.
  • During a welcome party for the Portuguese viceroy, Hieronimo, Lorenzo, and Castile exchange false pleasantries.
  • Bel-Imperia and Hieronimo form an alliance to exact revenge.
  • Hieronimo orchestrates a play where the actors are killed in reality.
  • Hieronimo describes his son’s murder in the play.
  • Hieronimo bites out his tongue to avoid revealing information.
  • Hieronimo stabs Castile and himself before the court.
  • Andrea is satisfied with the completed revenge, and the fates of the characters are decided in the afterlife.

Jew of Malta

  • Governor Ferneze receives a demand from Turkish leader Calymath for ten years' worth of tribute, setting a one-month deadline.
  • Ferneze decides to seize half the estate of the Jewish community, including Barabas, or demands their conversion to Christianity.
  • Barabas's wealth is confiscated, and his mansion becomes a nunnery.
  • Barabas plans to retrieve hidden treasure from their former home using Abigail, who pretends to seek refuge in the nunnery.
  • Mathias and Lodowick, both in love with Abigail, discover her presence in the nunnery.
  • Barabas retrieves his gold, and Ferneze seeks an alliance with Spain.
  • Barabas acquires a ruthless slave named Ithamore, and they conspire together.
  • Abigail is forced by Barabas to entertain Lodowick despite her true feelings for Mathias.
  • Barabas instigates a duel between Mathias and Lodowick by sending forged letters.
  • Mathias and Lodowick duel and are both killed; Barabas mocks their deaths from a balcony.
  • Ithamore tells Abigail about the deception, and she is horrified, prompting her to enter a convent and renounce her father.
  • Barabas plans to poison Abigail and the nuns using a slow-acting powder, instructing Ithamore to leave poisoned rice at the convent.
  • Abigail dies after revealing Barabas's role in Mathias and Lodowick's deaths.
  • Friars Jacomo and Bernardine try to get Barabas to confess, but Barabas gives false confessions and manipulates the friars.
  • Barabas orchestrates the murder of Bernardine with Ithamore's help.
  • Bellamira lures Ithamore with a letter, and Pilia-Borza demands money.
  • Barabas disguises himself as a French lute-player, giving Bellamira a poisoned bouquet.
  • Bellamira and Pilia-Borza inform Ferneze of Barabas's crimes.
  • Ithamore confesses everything, and Barabas pleads for justice, hoping the poisoned flowers will take effect.
  • The poisoned Ithamore, along with Bellamira, and Pilia-Borza die, and Barabas feigns death to escape.
  • Barabas allows Turkish troops to seize Malta, and is made governor by Calymath.
  • Barabas proposes a plan to Ferneze to kill Calymath and the Turks.
  • Barabas dies in his own trap, cursing Christians and Turks alike.
  • Ferneze regains control of Malta.

Revenger's Tragedy

  • Vindice mourns Gloriana's death, poisoned by the Duke, plotting revenge with his brother Hippolito.
  • Lussurioso seeks a pander and Vindice disguises himself as one named Piato.
  • Junior is arrested for raping Antonio’s wife, angering the Duchess who seduces Spurio to use him in her plot against the Duke.
  • Vindice, as Piato, is hired to seduce Castiza, Vindice's sister.
  • Castiza resists, but Gratiana accepts gold in exchange for her daughter’s chastity.
  • Antonio's wife commits suicide, driving Antonio to seek revenge.
  • Lussurioso is imprisoned for treason after Vindice tricks him.
  • Lussurioso is freed after Ambitioso and Supervacuo cause Junior’s death instead.
  • Vindice and Hippolito kill the Duke using a poisoned skull.
  • Lussurioso and his stepbrothers continue to scheme against each other.
  • Lussurioso hires Vindice to kill Piato.
  • Vindice dresses the Duke's corpse as Piato and makes it seem like the pander killed him.
  • Gratiana repents, reaffirming Castiza's virtue.
  • Lussurioso becomes Duke and banishes the Duchess.
  • Vindice, Hippolito, and two nobles assassinate Lussurioso and his men.
  • Spurio kills Ambitioso, and another lord kills Spurio.
  • Vindice frames the last survivor for the murders.
  • Antonio is declared ruler.
  • Vindice confesses his crimes.
  • Antonio orders the execution of Vindice and Hippolito.

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