The Solar System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main body of the Sun called?

  • Photosphere (correct)
  • Chromosphere
  • Core
  • Corona

    • Which layer of the Sun's atmosphere is visible only during a solar eclipse?

  • Core
  • Corona (correct)
  • Chromosphere
  • Photosphere

    • What temperature is the core of the Sun approximately?

  • 7,000 °C
  • 3,000 °C
  • 16 million °C (correct)
  • 30,000 °C

    • What are the small eruptions seen on the Sun called?

    <p>Faculae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How far is the Sun from Earth?

    <p>93 million miles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon results from gigantic eruptions near sunspots?

    <p>Solar Flares</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of dwarf planets?

    <p>They orbit the Sun and are not moons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are granules indicative of on the Sun's surface?

    <p>Boiling activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component of Venus's atmosphere?

    <p>Carbon Dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which planet has a rotation period of approximately 243 Earth days?

    <p>Venus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of Mars in relation to Earth's volume?

    <p>0.149</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which planet is known for having no atmosphere?

    <p>Mercury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary temperature range on Mars?

    <p>-87 °C to -5 °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many moons does Earth have?

    <p>One</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unique feature is associated with Mars?

    <p>Olympus Mons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the revolution period of Mercury around the Sun?

    <p>88 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary composition of Jupiter's atmosphere?

    <p>Hydrogen, helium, and methane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which planet has the highest gravity in the solar system?

    <p>Jupiter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rotation period of Jupiter in Earth hours?

    <p>9 hours, 54 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does it take Jupiter to complete one revolution around the Sun?

    <p>11.86 Earth years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the temperature on Jupiter's surface?

    <p>-108 °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Great Red Spot on Jupiter?

    <p>A giant storm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the Great Red Spot is correct?

    <p>It can fit three Earths across</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of Jupiter's moons?

    <p>Titan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component found in the atmosphere of Uranus?

    <p>Methane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does it take Uranus to complete one revolution around the Sun?

    <p>84.02 Earth years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which planet has a ring system that measures approximately 250,000 kilometers in diameter?

    <p>Saturn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the surface temperature of Uranus?

    <p>-197 °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas contributes to the blue-green color of Uranus?

    <p>Methane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many moons does Uranus have?

    <p>27</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the composition of Uranus?

    <p>A Jovian planet mostly made of gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of Uranus in the Solar System?

    <p>Jovian planet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Overview of the Solar System

    • The Solar System includes the Sun, eight planets, asteroids, comets, and meteoroids.
    • The Sun is a 4.5 billion-year-old star, primarily composed of hydrogen and helium.

    The Sun's Characteristics

    • The Sun's radius is 695,000 kilometers (432,000 miles) and is over 100 times that of Earth.
    • Core temperature reaches 16 million °C, while the surface temperature is around 7,000 °C.
    • The Sun's atmosphere consists of three layers: photosphere, chromosphere, and corona.

    Sun's Atmospheric Layers

    Photosphere

    • The light sphere, about 150 miles thick.
    • Features disturbances such as granules and dark spots, indicating boiling gases.

    Chromosphere

    • Extends 5,000 to 8,000 miles in thickness and appears rose pink.
    • Characterized by solar storms and eruptions called solar flares, which can shoot up to 100,000 miles into space.

    Corona

    • The outermost layer visible only during a solar eclipse.
    • Formed by gases emitted from the bubbling photosphere.

    Planetary Overview

    Dwarf Planets

    • A celestial body that orbits the sun, is nearly round, and has not cleared its orbital neighborhood.

    Terrestrial Planets

    • Include Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, which are rocky in composition.

    Gas Giants (Jovian Planets)

    • Include Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, primarily composed of gases.

    Detailed Planetary Profiles

    Mercury

    • First planet from the Sun, rocky material, size is 0.054 times that of Earth.
    • Rotates slowly (58.65 days) and takes 88 days for a full revolution.
    • Lacks an atmosphere, with extreme temperatures ranging from 467 °C to -183 °C.

    Venus

    • Second planet from the Sun, named after the Roman Goddess of Love.
    • Size is 0.88 times that of Earth, with a retrograde rotation of 243 days.
    • Atmosphere consists mainly of carbon dioxide, with surface temperatures around 450 °C.

    Earth

    • Third planet from the Sun, known for water and life.
    • Size of approximately 40,000 km in circumference at the equator, rotates in 23 hours and 56 minutes.
    • Atmosphere is predominantly nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%).

    Mars

    • Fourth planet, known as the Red Planet, size is 0.149 times that of Earth.
    • Rotation lasts 24 hours and 33 minutes; revolution takes 686.67 Earth days.
    • Noted for its large volcanic features like Olympus Mons and rift valleys like Valles Marineris.

    Jupiter

    • Fifth planet, largest in the solar system, size is 1,316 times that of Earth.
    • Fast rotation of 9 hours and 54 minutes, revolution lasts 11.86 Earth years.
    • Known for the Great Red Spot, a hurricane-like storm, and has 63 moons.

    Saturn

    • Sixth planet, famous for its large ring system approximately 250,000 kilometers in diameter.
    • Contains yellow and gold atmospheric bands caused by fast winds and heat.
    • A Jovian planet with various moons and notable icy ring composition.

    Uranus

    • Seventh planet with a distinct blue-green color due to methane in its atmosphere.
    • Size is 52 times that of Earth, with a rotation period of 17 hours and 11 minutes.
    • Has 27 known moons and a cold average temperature of -197 °C.

    Summary of Moons

    • Jupiter and Saturn possess numerous moons, influencing their gravitational interactions and ring structures.
    • Moons vary greatly in size, composition, and unique geological features across the planets.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about our fascinating Solar System! This quiz covers essential information about the sun, the eight planets, asteroids, comets, and meteoroids. Dive in to see how well you understand our cosmic neighborhood.

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