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What were some of the reasons why Julius Caesar decided to invade the island of Britain?
What were some of the reasons why Julius Caesar decided to invade the island of Britain?
- The Britons sent ships and warriors to help their relatives on the continent, and the island was an important provider of food. (correct)
- The Romans wanted to spread their language and culture, and the Britons had refused to trade with them.
- The Romans were seeking new land for settlement, and the Britons were known for their skilled archers.
- The Britons were planning an invasion of the Roman Empire, and the island was rich in gold and silver.
What was the initial purpose of the Roman expedition to Britain in 55 BC?
What was the initial purpose of the Roman expedition to Britain in 55 BC?
- To provide assistance to the Celtic chief in defending against other Celtic tribes.
- To assess the military strength of the Celtic tribes and gather intelligence. (correct)
- To establish a permanent occupation and conquer the whole island.
- To explore the island and make peaceful trade agreements with the Celtic tribes.
What strategy did the Romans use to govern their Celtic subjects in Britain?
What strategy did the Romans use to govern their Celtic subjects in Britain?
- Encouraging assimilation to Latin language and lifestyle, with incentives for tribal chiefs to become Roman at heart. (correct)
- Implementing a system of forced labor camps to build Roman infrastructure across Britain.
- Forcing strict adherence to Roman laws and customs, punishing any display of Celtic culture.
- Promoting a separate but equal policy, allowing Celtic tribes to govern themselves independently.
What characterized the Romano-Celtic culture developed by the Romans in Southern Britain?
What characterized the Romano-Celtic culture developed by the Romans in Southern Britain?
What area roughly corresponds to the territory of modern England and Wales in terms of Roman occupation?
What area roughly corresponds to the territory of modern England and Wales in terms of Roman occupation?
What was the final limit to the northern frontier of Roman occupation in Britain?
What was the final limit to the northern frontier of Roman occupation in Britain?
Where did Roman civilization flourish in the occupied territories of Britain?
Where did Roman civilization flourish in the occupied territories of Britain?
What determined the course of history in Britain when the Roman Empire began to collapse and soldiers started to withdraw?
What determined the course of history in Britain when the Roman Empire began to collapse and soldiers started to withdraw?
What were some of the regions destined to be destroyed by Germanic invaders when the Roman Empire began to collapse?
What were some of the regions destined to be destroyed by Germanic invaders when the Roman Empire began to collapse?
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Study Notes
Julius Caesar's Invasion of Britain
- Julius Caesar's decision to invade Britain was motivated by the need to cut off the supply of warriors and military aid to the Gauls, his enemies in France.
Initial Purpose of the Roman Expedition
- The initial purpose of the Roman expedition to Britain in 55 BC was to conduct a reconnaissance and gather intelligence on the island.
Roman Governance of Celtic Subjects
- The Romans used a strategy of indirect rule, where they allowed local Celtic tribes to govern themselves, but under Roman supervision and control.
Romano-Celtic Culture
- The Romano-Celtic culture developed by the Romans in Southern Britain was characterized by the fusion of Roman and Celtic customs, language, and architecture.
Roman Occupation Territory
- The Roman occupied territory roughly corresponds to the area of modern England and Wales.
Northern Frontier of Roman Occupation
- The final limit to the northern frontier of Roman occupation in Britain was Hadrian's Wall, built in 122 AD.
Flourishing of Roman Civilization
- Roman civilization flourished in the occupied territories of Britain, particularly in cities like Londinium (London), Camulodunum (Colchester), and Verulamium (St. Albans).
Course of History in Britain
- The course of history in Britain was determined by the collapse of the Roman Empire and the subsequent withdrawal of Roman soldiers, which led to the fragmentation of the island into smaller kingdoms.
Regions Destined for Destruction
- The regions destined to be destroyed by Germanic invaders when the Roman Empire began to collapse were the unprotected cities and settlements in the north and east of Britain, which were vulnerable to Anglo-Saxon and other barbarian invasions.
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