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Questions and Answers
According to Mills and Ranson (2005), the state regulates all of the following aspects of health services, EXCEPT:
According to Mills and Ranson (2005), the state regulates all of the following aspects of health services, EXCEPT:
Which term refers to the transfer of government-owned assets or services to the private sector?
Which term refers to the transfer of government-owned assets or services to the private sector?
What were some of the reasons for the critique of the state in the 1980s?
What were some of the reasons for the critique of the state in the 1980s?
Which type of countries came to power as a result of the critique of the state in the 1980s?
Which type of countries came to power as a result of the critique of the state in the 1980s?
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What spread among high income countries and later to middle and low income countries as a result of the critique of the state?
What spread among high income countries and later to middle and low income countries as a result of the critique of the state?
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Which term refers to the process of transferring authority and decision-making from central government to local or regional levels?
Which term refers to the process of transferring authority and decision-making from central government to local or regional levels?
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Which term refers to the management techniques and practices borrowed from the private sector and applied to the public sector?
Which term refers to the management techniques and practices borrowed from the private sector and applied to the public sector?
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Which term refers to a large-scale organization that operates in multiple countries?
Which term refers to a large-scale organization that operates in multiple countries?
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Which term refers to the control and oversight of activities or behavior, often carried out by a government or regulatory body?
Which term refers to the control and oversight of activities or behavior, often carried out by a government or regulatory body?
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Which term refers to a corporation that is owned and operated by individuals or a group of individuals?
Which term refers to a corporation that is owned and operated by individuals or a group of individuals?
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Which of the following is a reason for the global turn in favor of the market?
Which of the following is a reason for the global turn in favor of the market?
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What is the private (for-profit) sector in health policy?
What is the private (for-profit) sector in health policy?
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How is the private sector involved in health policy through self-regulation?
How is the private sector involved in health policy through self-regulation?
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What are the weaknesses of voluntary codes in self-regulation?
What are the weaknesses of voluntary codes in self-regulation?
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What two features of government systems have a major effect on their ability to make and implement policy?
What two features of government systems have a major effect on their ability to make and implement policy?
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In a presidential system, how does the legislature hold the government to account?
In a presidential system, how does the legislature hold the government to account?
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Which branch of government typically has more power in most countries?
Which branch of government typically has more power in most countries?
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What is the role of political parties in democratic systems?
What is the role of political parties in democratic systems?
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Which ministry is responsible for ensuring that the needs of the health sector are properly represented when decisions are made?
Which ministry is responsible for ensuring that the needs of the health sector are properly represented when decisions are made?
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What are the main responsibilities of the Ministry of Health?
What are the main responsibilities of the Ministry of Health?
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In low and middle income countries, which ministry is often seen as having higher priority than the Ministry of Health?
In low and middle income countries, which ministry is often seen as having higher priority than the Ministry of Health?
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How do other ministries' goals affect their priority on human health implications?
How do other ministries' goals affect their priority on human health implications?
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What do some countries set up to ensure inter-sectoral coordination in health?
What do some countries set up to ensure inter-sectoral coordination in health?
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Who highly influences their advices in the Ministry of Health?
Who highly influences their advices in the Ministry of Health?
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What can conflicts arise between in the Ministry of Health?
What can conflicts arise between in the Ministry of Health?
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Why is it important for all ministries to contribute to the overall health outcome?
Why is it important for all ministries to contribute to the overall health outcome?
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Match the following responsibilities with the corresponding entity or situation:
Match the following responsibilities with the corresponding entity or situation:
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Match the following scenarios with their corresponding outcomes or situations:
Match the following scenarios with their corresponding outcomes or situations:
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Match the following statements with their corresponding entities:
Match the following statements with their corresponding entities:
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
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Match the following terms with their descriptions:
Match the following terms with their descriptions:
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Match the following terms to their corresponding events or phenomena:
Match the following terms to their corresponding events or phenomena:
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Match the following theories with their influence on health sector reform:
Match the following theories with their influence on health sector reform:
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Match the following features with their corresponding government systems:
Match the following features with their corresponding government systems:
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Match the following roles with their respective branches of government:
Match the following roles with their respective branches of government:
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Match the following characteristics with their corresponding sectors in health policy:
Match the following characteristics with their corresponding sectors in health policy:
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True or false: The state regulates the quantity, distribution, prices, and quality of health services.
True or false: The state regulates the quantity, distribution, prices, and quality of health services.
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True or false: The critique of the state in the 1980s was driven by increasing public expenditures and escalating government debts.
True or false: The critique of the state in the 1980s was driven by increasing public expenditures and escalating government debts.
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True or false: The introduction of reforms in many countries in the 1980s led to a 'rolling back' of the state.
True or false: The introduction of reforms in many countries in the 1980s led to a 'rolling back' of the state.
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True or false: The Ministry of Health is responsible for ensuring that the needs of the health sector are properly represented when decisions are made.
True or false: The Ministry of Health is responsible for ensuring that the needs of the health sector are properly represented when decisions are made.
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True or false: In low and middle income countries, the Ministry of Health is often seen as having higher priority than other ministries such as finance, defense, foreign affairs, industry, planning, and education.
True or false: In low and middle income countries, the Ministry of Health is often seen as having higher priority than other ministries such as finance, defense, foreign affairs, industry, planning, and education.
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True or false: Conflicts may arise between health professionals and other bureaucrats in the Ministry of Health.
True or false: Conflicts may arise between health professionals and other bureaucrats in the Ministry of Health.
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True or false: The collapse of the Soviet Union discredited state-controlled economies and led to a global turn in favor of the market?
True or false: The collapse of the Soviet Union discredited state-controlled economies and led to a global turn in favor of the market?
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True or false: The private sector in health policy is characterized by seeking profits as the main feature?
True or false: The private sector in health policy is characterized by seeking profits as the main feature?
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True or false: The private sector can influence public policy and attempt to influence its content?
True or false: The private sector can influence public policy and attempt to influence its content?
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True or false: Co-regulation is a form of public sector involvement in business self-regulation?
True or false: Co-regulation is a form of public sector involvement in business self-regulation?
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What is the role of the Ministry of Health?
What is the role of the Ministry of Health?
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What are some challenges faced by the Ministry of Health in relation to other ministries?
What are some challenges faced by the Ministry of Health in relation to other ministries?
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What are some of the state regulatory mechanisms to regulate health services?
What are some of the state regulatory mechanisms to regulate health services?
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What were some of the reasons for the critique of the state in the 1980s?
What were some of the reasons for the critique of the state in the 1980s?
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What were the outcomes of the critique of the state in the 1980s?
What were the outcomes of the critique of the state in the 1980s?
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What do Mills and Ranson (2005) argue about the role of the state in health systems?
What do Mills and Ranson (2005) argue about the role of the state in health systems?
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What are some of the reasons for the critique of the state in the 1980s?
What are some of the reasons for the critique of the state in the 1980s?
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What is the private (for-profit) sector in health policy?
What is the private (for-profit) sector in health policy?
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How is the private sector involved in health policy through self-regulation?
How is the private sector involved in health policy through self-regulation?
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What are two features of government systems that have a major effect on their ability to make and implement policy?
What are two features of government systems that have a major effect on their ability to make and implement policy?
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Reforms were introduced in many countries due to dissatisfaction with state administrations 'rolling back' the ______ spread among high income countries and later to middle and low income countries
Reforms were introduced in many countries due to dissatisfaction with state administrations 'rolling back' the ______ spread among high income countries and later to middle and low income countries
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International financial institutions implemented 'structural adjustment programs' by the end of ______
International financial institutions implemented 'structural adjustment programs' by the end of ______
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The state also does ______ health functions
The state also does ______ health functions
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Co-regulation presents a third way between statutory regulation and ______-regulation.
Co-regulation presents a third way between statutory regulation and ______-regulation.
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The private sector is often affected by public policy and, as a result, may attempt to influence the content of such ______. Explain
The private sector is often affected by public policy and, as a result, may attempt to influence the content of such ______. Explain
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In most countries, most power lies with the ______.
In most countries, most power lies with the ______.
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Civil or public ______
Civil or public ______
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According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2000, the Ministry of Health (MOH) is responsible for defining the ______ and direction of health policy
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2000, the Ministry of Health (MOH) is responsible for defining the ______ and direction of health policy
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In low and middle income countries, the Ministry of Health is often seen as having lower priority compared to ministries of finance, defense, foreign affairs, industry, planning, and ______
In low and middle income countries, the Ministry of Health is often seen as having lower priority compared to ministries of finance, defense, foreign affairs, industry, planning, and ______
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Study Notes
The Role of the State and the Private Sector in Health Policy
- Mills and Ranson (2005) identified three regulatory mechanisms used by the state to regulate health systems: quantity and distribution of services, prices of services, and quality of health services.
- In the 1980s, there was a global recession, escalating government debts, and increasing public expenditures, which led to dissatisfaction with state administrations.
- This dissatisfaction resulted in conservative governments coming to power and introducing reforms in many countries.
- International financial institutions implemented "structural adjustment programs" as a response to the economic challenges faced by countries.
- By the end of the 1980s, there was a global turn in favor of the market, with the collapse of the Soviet Union discrediting state-controlled economies.
- This led to the promotion of an anti-state, pro-market philosophy by international and private agencies.
- Some reflections on the health sector include the failure of states to provide equal services, inefficient allocation of resources, poor management, and poor quality care in low-income countries.
- Neo-liberal economic theories, such as public choice and property rights, led to the reinvention of government and health sector reform.
- These reforms included new mechanisms to finance health care, lifting restrictions on private providers, promoting diversity of provider ownership, and improving provider accountability.
- Decentralization was also a key aspect of these reforms.
- The World Bank played a significant role in influencing these reforms in low-income countries.
- The private sector, characterized by a market orientation and seeking profits, is a powerful actor in health policy. Non-profit organizations, patient groups, and public relation groups also influence policies.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the role of the state in health systems and key terms related to the state and private sector in health policy. This quiz covers topics such as regulation, privatization, decentralization, and the role of multinational corporations in the healthcare industry. Challenge yourself and assess your understanding of these important concepts in healthcare policy.