The Rashidun Caliphate and the First Fitna
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Questions and Answers

What event led to the foundation of the Umayyad Caliphate in 661?

  • Mu’awiya rebelling against the removal of his lifetime governorship (correct)
  • The conquests of the Eastern Roman Empire
  • Ali's son Hasan being elected caliph
  • The Battle of Karbala

    • What tragic event occurred at the Battle of Karbala in 680?

  • Ali's succession as caliph
  • Husayn's death (correct)
  • The defeat of Yazid
  • The defeat of Mu’awiya

    • What did the Umayyads establish in their rule that was criticized for its luxury?

  • Administrative centers
  • Opulent palaces (correct)
  • Garrison cities
  • Major metropolises

    • Which regions did the Umayyads expand their empire to, involving Berbers and Turks?

    <p>North Africa and Central Asia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did garrison cities play under Umayyad rule?

    <p>Key administrative centers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did the Umayyads opt to found separate garrison cities?

    <p>To balance the demographic imbalance between Arab Muslims and other populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were the four Rightly Guided Caliphs that led the Rashidun Caliphate?

    <p>Abu Bakr, Umar ibn al-Khattab, Uthman ibn Affan, Ali ibn Abi Talib</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Rashidun' mean?

    <p>Rightly Guided</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first Caliph to rule following the death of Prophet Muhammad?

    <p>Abu Bakr</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event marked the beginning of the First Fitna?

    <p>Assassination of Uthman ibn Affan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two figures were primarily involved in the power struggle during the First Fitna?

    <p>Ali ibn Abi Talib and Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Sunni-Shia Split in Islam?

    <p>It led to political and social divisions within the Islamic community.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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