The Quiet Eye and Closed Skills in Sports

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In closed skills, where is the final gaze fixation typically located just prior to performing the skill?

On the surroundings of the performance environment
On the performer's own body
On the goal object in the performance environment (correct)
On the audience or spectators

What do batters in baseball and receivers of serves in tennis, table tennis, and volleyball fixate on just prior to initiating movement to respond to the oncoming ball?

Their own equipment
The oncoming ball (correct)
The audience or spectators
The ground beneath their feet

In which type of skills does the final gaze fixation involve visually tracking a moving object?

Complex skills
Open skills (correct)
Closed skills
Simple skills

What are some examples of specific closed skills demonstrations of the 'quiet eye' mentioned in the text?

Golf putting and rifle target shooting (B) Signup and view all the answers

What do free-throw shooters in basketball fixate on just prior to performing the skill?

The rim of the basket (D) Signup and view all the answers

For which type of skills is the final gaze fixation typically located on the goal object in the performance environment?

Closed skills (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the 'quiet eye' and performance according to the text?

The 'quiet eye' is related to performance in various skills such as golf putting and laparoscopic surgery (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the 'quiet eye' and performance?

It has been shown to be related to performance in various sports such as baseball, softball, tennis, and ice hockey (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do people acquire effective visual search strategies?

Primarily through experience in the activity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What did Abernethy, Wood, and Parks emphasize regarding visual search training?

Training should be specific to the activity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What caution is associated with the effectiveness of visual search training programs?

Many studies have not tested their efficacy in actual performance situations or in competition environments (A) Signup and view all the answers

What did studies by Green and Bavelier find regarding visual selective attention capabilities?

Highly experienced players of action video games exhibited better visual selective attention capabilities than nonplayers (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key factor in the acquisition of effective visual search strategies?

Experience alone (A) Signup and view all the answers

What did researchers demonstrate regarding providing novices with instructions for visual search?

Providing novices with instructions along with practice can increase the probability of important environmental cues 'popping out' (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the problem with a generalized training approach to improving visual attention?

It ignores the general finding that experts recognize specific patterns in their activity more readily than do novices (B) Signup and view all the answers

In what type of skills is the final gaze fixation typically located on the goal object in the performance environment?

Open skills (D) Signup and view all the answers

What did studies by Green and Bavelier find regarding highly experienced players of action video games?

They exhibited better visual selective attention capabilities than nonplayers (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the problem with a generalized training approach to improving visual attention?

It ignores the finding that experts recognize specific patterns more readily than novices (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for the type of visual search training to be effective according to Abernethy, Wood, and Parks?

It needs to be specific to an activity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key factor in the acquisition of effective visual search strategies according to the text?

Experience alone (B) Signup and view all the answers

In closed skills, where is the final gaze fixation typically located just prior to performing the skill?

On the goal object in the performance environment (A) Signup and view all the answers

What do batters in baseball and receivers of serves in tennis, table tennis, and volleyball fixate on just prior to initiating movement to respond to the oncoming ball?

The oncoming ball (B) Signup and view all the answers

What caution is associated with the effectiveness of visual search training programs?

The transfer of training to actual performance (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key factor in the acquisition of effective visual search strategies?

The ability to maintain a quiet eye (C) Signup and view all the answers

What did studies by Green and Bavelier find regarding visual selective attention capabilities?

Video game players have enhanced visual selective attention capabilities (C) Signup and view all the answers

Closed Skills Final Gaze

The final look before performing a closed skill is typically fixed on the goal object in the performance environment.

Open Skills Final Gaze

In open skills, the final gaze fixation often involves visually tracking a moving object.

'Quiet Eye'

A period of stable fixation on a target just before movement initiation, often associated with better performance.

Visual Search Strategies

The process of scanning the environment to identify relevant cues for skillful action, most effectively learned from experience.