The Protestant Ascendancy

Political power thereafter rested almost exclusively in the hands of a minority ______ Ascendancy

Catholics and members of dissenting Protestant denominations suffered severe political and economic privations under the ______ Laws

On 1 January 1801, in the wake of the republican United Irishmen Rebellion, the Irish Parliament was abolished and Ireland became part of a new United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland formed by the Acts of ______ 1800

Catholics were not granted full rights until Catholic ______ in 1829

The catastrophe of the Great Famine struck Ireland in 1845 resulting in over a million deaths from starvation and disease and a million refugees fleeing the country, mainly to ______

Irish attempts to break away continued with Parnell's Irish Parliamentary Party which strove from the 1880s to attain Home Rule through the parliamentary constitutional movement, eventually winning the Home Rule Act ______

The history of Northern Ireland has since been dominated by the division of society along sectarian faultlines and conflict between (mainly Catholic) Irish nationalists and (mainly Protestant) British ______

By the end of the 6th century it had introduced ______ along with a predominantly monastic Celtic Christian church, profoundly altering Irish society.

Gaelic Ireland was finally defeated at the battle of Kinsale in 1601 which marked the collapse of the Gaelic system and the beginning of Ireland's history as fully part of the English and later British ______

Viking raids and settlement from the late 8th century AD resulted in extensive cultural interchange, as well as innovation in ______ and transport technology.

During the 17th century, this division between a Protestant landholding minority and a dispossessed Catholic majority was intensified and ______ between them was to become a recurrent theme in Irish history

The Irish Bronze Age proper begins around 2000 BC and ends with the arrival of the Iron Age of the ______ Hallstatt culture, beginning about 600 BC.

The Norman invasion in 1169 resulted again in a partial ______ of the island and marked the beginning of more than 800 years of English political and military involvement in Ireland

Greek and Roman writers give some information about Ireland during the Classical period (see 'protohistoric' period), by which time the island may be termed '______ Ireland'.

The first evidence of human presence in Ireland dates to around 33,000 years ago, with further findings dating the presence of homo sapiens to around 10,500 to 7,000 BC. The receding of the ice after the Younger Dryas cold phase of the Quaternary around 9700 BC, heralds the beginning of Prehistoric Ireland, which includes the archaeological periods known as the ______, the Neolithic from about 4000 BC and the Copper Age beginning around 2500 BC with the arrival of the Beaker Culture.

Attempts to impose the new Protestant faith were also successfully resisted by both the Gaelic and ______

The new policy fomented the rebellion of the Hiberno-Norman Earl of Kildare Silken Thomas in 1534, keen to defend his traditional autonomy and ______

The subsequent La Tène culture brought new styles and practices by ______ BC.

The people remained hunter-gatherers until about ______ BC

Many of Ireland's towns were founded at this time as ______ trading posts and coinage made its first appearance.

With English colonies going back to the 1550s, Ireland was arguably the first English and then British territory colonised by a group known as the ______

______ the Bølling-Allerød warming, that lasted between 14,700 and 12,700 years ago towards the end of the last ice age, and allowed the reinhabitation of northern Europe

A sudden return to freezing conditions known as the Younger Dryas cold phase, which lasted from 10,900 BC to 9700 BC, may have depopulated ______

During the Younger Dryas, sea levels continued to rise and no ice-free land bridge between Great Britain and Ireland ever ______

Viking penetration was limited and concentrated along coasts and rivers, and ceased to be a major threat to Gaelic culture after the Battle of Clontarf in 1014. The ______ Crown did not make another attempt to conquer the island until after the end of the Wars of the Roses (1488)

The Céide Fields is an archaeological site on the north County Mayo coast in the west of Ireland, about 7 kilometres northwest of Ballycastle, and the site is the most extensive Neolithic site in Ireland and contains the oldest known field systems in the ______

Using various dating methods, it was discovered that the creation and development of the Céide Fields goes back some five and a half thousand years

The short-lived Irish Copper Age and subsequent Bronze Age, which came to Ireland around 2000 BC, saw the production of elaborate gold and bronze ornaments, weapons and ______

It is argued this is when the first signs of agriculture started to show, leading to the establishment of a Neolithic culture, characterised by the appearance of pottery, polished stone tools, rectangular wooden houses, megalithic tombs, and domesticated sheep and ______

In Leinster and Munster, individual adult males were buried in small stone structures, called ______, under earthen mounds and were accompanied by distinctive decorated pottery