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Questions and Answers
Which type of power is based on fear?
Which type of power achieves compliance based on the ability to distribute rewards?
Which type of power is based on a person's position in the formal hierarchy of an organization?
Which type of power is based on expertise and special skills/knowledge?
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According to the text, which department gains increased power during critical labour negotiations?
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According to the text, what is the impact of coercive power on individuals?
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According to the text, which forms of power are most likely to lead to commitment from individuals?
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According to the text, what is the least effective base of power for improving referent power?
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According to the text, power refers to a capacity that A has to influence the behavior of B, so that B acts in accordance with A's wishes. This definition implies that there is a potential for power if someone is dependent on another. The more that B depends on A, the more power A has in the relationship. Dependence is based on the alternatives that B perceives and the importance that B places on the alternative(s) that A controls.
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- According to the text, why does someone have power over another person?
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- Within larger organizations, which group often has considerable power according to the text?
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According to French and Raven's classification of sources of power, which type of power is based on the fear of negative consequences if one fails to comply?
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Which type of power is based on the ability to distribute rewards that others view as valuable?
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According to the text, what is the impact of coercive power on individuals?
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According to the text, what is the least effective base of power for improving referent power?
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True or false: Power refers to a capacity that B has to influence the behavior of A, so that A acts in accordance with B's wishes?
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True or false: The more someone depends on another person, the more power the other person has in the relationship?
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True or false: Coercive power is based on fear?
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True or false: Coercive power is based on the ability to give special benefits or rewards to people.
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True or false: Legitimate power is based on the right to expect compliance with legitimate requests.
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True or false: Expert power is based on the fear of negative consequences if one fails to comply.
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True or false: Reward power is based on the experience and knowledge to earn respect.
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True or false: Coercive power is the ability to distribute rewards that others view as valuable?
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True or false: Legitimate power is based on fear?
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True or false: Expert power is influence based on expertise, special skills, or knowledge?
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True or false: Referent power comes from access to and control over information?
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Coercive power leads to compliance from individuals, increased satisfaction, and decreased mistrust.
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Reward power results in compliance if the rewards are consistent with what individuals want as rewards.
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Legitimate power generally results in increased commitment from individuals.
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Expert and referent powers are the least likely to lead to commitment from individuals.
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Study Notes
Power and Interacting Effectively
- Power refers to a capacity that A has to influence the behavior of B, so that B acts in accordance with A's wishes.
- Power is a function of dependency, where one person's power increases as the other person's dependence on them increases.
- The more alternatives B perceives, the less power A has over them.
- Dependence is based on the alternatives that B perceives and the importance that B places on the alternatives that A controls.
Sources of Power
- French and Raven developed a five-category classification of sources or bases of power:
- Coercive power: based on fear of negative consequences
- Reward power: based on the ability to distribute rewards
- Legitimate power: based on a person's position in the organization
- Expert power: based on expertise, special skills, or knowledge
- Referent power: based on admiration and a desire to be like the person
- Information power: based on access to and control over information
Legitimate Power
- Legitimate power is based on a person's position in the formal hierarchy of an organization.
- It is broader than the power to coerce and reward, and includes acceptance by members of an organization of the authority of a position.
Referent Power
- Referent power develops out of admiration of another and a desire to be like that person.
- It explains why celebrities are paid millions of dollars to endorse products in commercials.
Information Power
- Information power comes from access to and control over information.
- People in an organization who have data or knowledge that others need can make those others dependent on them.
Effectiveness of Power Bases
- People will respond in one of three ways when faced with people who use the bases of power:
- Commitment: enthusiastic about the request and shows initiative and persistence
- Compliance: goes along with the request grudgingly, puts in minimal effort
- Resistance: opposed to the request and tries to avoid it
- Research finds that expert and referent powers are the most likely to lead to commitment from individuals, while coercive power leads to resistance and decreased satisfaction.
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