The Pericardium
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Questions and Answers

Which layer of the pericardium is continuous with the central tendon of the diaphragm?

  • Visceral layer of serous pericardium
  • Fibrous pericardium (correct)
  • Mesothelium
  • Parietal layer of serous pericardium
  • What is the composition of the serous pericardium?

  • Mesothelium (correct)
  • Perivascular connective tissue (tunica adventitia)
  • Fibrous connective tissue
  • Loose connective tissue
  • To what structures is the fibrous pericardium bound posteriorly?

  • Deep cervical fascia
  • Heart and great vessels
  • Sternum
  • Structures in the posterior mediastinum (correct)
  • What is the tough external layer of the pericardium called?

    <p>Fibrous pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the tough external surface, the fibrous pericardium, is continuous with?

    <p>The central tendon of the diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the membrane lining the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium?

    <p>Parietal layer of serous pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the heart wall is formed by the visceral layer of serous pericardium?

    <p>Epicardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pericardial cavity?

    <p>The space between the visceral and parietal layers of serous pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the fluid in the pericardial cavity?

    <p>To enable the heart to move and beat in a frictionless environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the visceral layer of serous pericardium extend onto?

    <p>The great vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the pericardium is closely related to the great vessels that pierce it superiorly?

    <p>Fibrous pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the fibrous pericardium protect the heart against sudden overfilling?

    <p>It is unyielding and closely related to the great vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the fibrous pericardium?

    <p>To protect the heart against sudden overfilling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is the main supplier of blood to the pericardium?

    <p>Pericardiacophrenic artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which arteries, branches of the thoracic aorta, also contribute to the blood supply of the pericardium?

    <p>Bronchial artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is a terminal branch of the internal thoracic artery and contributes to the blood supply of the pericardium?

    <p>Musculophrenic artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which arteries supply blood only to the visceral layer of the serous pericardium?

    <p>Coronary arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve often accompanies or parallels the pericardiacophrenic artery to the diaphragm?

    <p>Phrenic nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sinus is formed by the reflection of the serous pericardium around the second group of vessels?

    <p>Oblique pericardial sinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the oblique pericardial sinus located in relation to the heart?

    <p>Posterior aspect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the pain referred to when originating from the pericardial sac?

    <p>Dermatomes of the body wall areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the pericardial sac split into?

    <p>Two layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerves are the primary source of sensory fibers for the pericardium?

    <p>Phrenic nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerves are commonly responsible for referring pain sensations to the skin of the ipsilateral supraclavicular region?

    <p>Phrenic nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which veins are tributaries of the brachiocephalic veins and responsible for venous drainage of the pericardium?

    <p>Pericardiscophrenic veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

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