The Pancreas
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of glucagon?

  • Promotes energy storage
  • Increases blood glucose (correct)
  • Decreases blood glucose
  • Stimulates insulin release

    • What hormone halts the release of glucagon from the alpha cells?

  • Glucagon
  • Insulin (correct)
  • Thyroid hormone
  • Cortisol

    • What is the broad effect of insulin?

  • Increases blood glucose levels
  • Promotes energy release
  • Stores the energy (correct)
  • Inhibits glucose uptake

    • What triggers the secretion of insulin from the beta cells?

    <p>High blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the endocrine pancreas?

    <p>Regulation of blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the endocrine pancreas?

    <p>Regulation of blood glucose levels through hormone secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the secretion of insulin from the beta cells?

    <p>Elevated blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone functions to increase glucose synthesis and release?

    <p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the broad effect of insulin in the body?

    <p>Promotion of energy storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What halts the release of glucagon from the alpha cells?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the endocrine pancreas?

    <p>Regulating blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone functions to increase free fatty acid release?

    <p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the secretion of insulin from the beta cells?

    <p>High blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone halts the release of glucagon from the alpha cells?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the broad effect of insulin in the body?

    <p>Stores energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone increases blood glucose levels?

    <p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of glucagon in the body?

    <p>Increases blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of somatostatin in pancreatic function?

    <p>Inhibits glucagon release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the release of glucagon from the alpha cells?

    <p>Low blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the digestive pancreas?

    <p>Producing digestive enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of pancreatic vascularization?

    <p>Supplying blood to the pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of pancreatic innervation?

    <p>Aiding in digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of GLP-1?

    <p>Increase Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of sulfonylureas?

    <p>Binding and blocking SUR1 leading to b-cell depolarization and insulin release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of SGLT2 inhibitors?

    <p>Inhibit glucose reabsorption from the renal proximal tubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of DPP-4 inhibitors?

    <p>Inhibit the degradation of GLP-1 and GIP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net effect of thiazolidinediones (glitazones)?

    <p>Increase insulin sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of metformin?

    <p>Decrease hepatic glucose production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists?

    <p>Stimulate insulin release in a glucose-dependent manner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of insulin glargine (Lantus®)?

    <p>Long-acting insulin for basal control of glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of insulin lispro (Humalog® and Admelog®)?

    <p>Short-acting insulin for post-prandial glucose control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of insulin determir (Levemir®)?

    <p>Long-acting insulin for basal control of glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of exenatide (Byetta®)?

    <p>Stimulate insulin release in a glucose-dependent manner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of liraglutide (Victoza®)?

    <p>Stimulate insulin release in a glucose-dependent manner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the endocrine pancreas?

    <p>Regulating blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the secretion of insulin from the beta cells?

    <p>High blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone functions to increase glucose synthesis and release?

    <p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What halts the release of glucagon from the alpha cells?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the broad effect of insulin in the body?

    <p>Stores energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of glucagon?

    <p>Increase blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of pancreatic vascularization?

    <p>Provide blood supply to the pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of somatostatin in pancreatic function?

    <p>Inhibits hormone secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists?

    <p>Stimulate insulin release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of pancreatic innervation?

    <p>Regulate hormone secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of DPP-4 inhibitors?

    <p>Prolong the action of GLP-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net effect of thiazolidinediones (glitazones)?

    <p>Increase insulin sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of somatostatin in pancreatic function?

    <p>Inhibits insulin release from beta cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of SGLT2 inhibitors?

    <p>Decrease glucose reabsorption from the renal tubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net effect of thiazolidinediones (glitazones)?

    <p>Increase insulin sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of liraglutide (Victoza®)?

    <p>Increase glucose-stimulated insulin release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of insulin glargine (Lantus®)?

    <p>Long-acting insulin analog</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of metformin?

    <p>Decrease glucose production by the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of sulfonylureas?

    <p>Stimulate insulin release from beta cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of GLP-1 receptor agonists?

    <p>Stimulate insulin release from beta cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of glucagon in the body?

    <p>Increase blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of insulin lispro (Humalog® and Admelog®)?

    <p>Short-acting insulin analog</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the release of glucagon from the alpha cells?

    <p>Low blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of DPP-4 inhibitors?

    <p>Inhibit the degradation of GLP-1 and GIP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glucagon increases blood glucose.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin is the energy abundance hormone.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin release from the beta cell is halted upon normoglycemia by glucagon.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glucose, once influxed, is metabolized to energy.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin has broad effects in storing energy.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glucagon has a positive feedback effect on insulin release.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin secretion is affected by blood glucose concentration.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin is primarily secreted from the alpha cell.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Heteroreceptor effects have no impact on insulin release.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glucagon release is halted from the alpha cell upon normoglycemia by insulin.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glucagon has no effect on free fatty acid release.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin has no impact on glucose synthesis and release.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin inhibits glucagon release from the alpha cells.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    GLP-1 and glucagon are derived from the same precursor.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin resistance is characterized by initial hyperinsulinemia followed by poor insulin secretion.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Thiazolidinediones (glitazones) have no untoward effects.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    SGLT2 inhibitors can saturate renal glucose reabsorption.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sulfonylureas bind and block SUR1 leading to beta-cell depolarization and insulin release.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Exenatide (Byetta®) is only effective for fasting type 2 diabetes patients.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Liraglutide (Victoza®) is not a GLP-1 receptor agonist.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin glargine (Lantus®) is a short-acting insulin analog.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Insulin lispro (Humalog®) is a short-acting insulin analog.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Metformin is a thiazolidinedione.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    GLP-1 receptor agonists have no untoward effects.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the endocrine pancreas?

    <p>Regulating blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the release of glucagon from the alpha cells?

    <p>Low blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of insulin?

    <p>Storing energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net effect of thiazolidinediones (glitazones)?

    <p>Increase insulin sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of GLP-1 receptor agonists?

    <p>Stimulate insulin secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of pancreatic vascularization?

    <p>Provide blood supply to the pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists?

    <p>Delay gastric emptying</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of metformin?

    <p>Decrease glucose production by the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of SGLT2 inhibitors?

    <p>Promote urinary glucose excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of DPP-4 inhibitors?

    <p>Inhibit the degradation of incretin hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of somatostatin in pancreatic function?

    <p>Inhibit the release of insulin and glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of glucagon in the body?

    <p>Increase blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of somatostatin in pancreatic function?

    <p>Inhibits glucagon release from the alpha cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of sulfonylureas?

    <p>Stimulate insulin release from the beta cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net effect of thiazolidinediones (glitazones)?

    <p>Increase insulin sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of metformin?

    <p>Decreases hepatic glucose production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of GLP-1 receptor agonists?

    <p>Increase insulin sensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of SGLT2 inhibitors?

    <p>Inhibit glucose reabsorption from the renal tubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of exenatide (Byetta®)?

    <p>Stimulates insulin release from the beta cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of pancreatic vascularization?

    <p>Transport of insulin and glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the release of glucagon from the alpha cells?

    <p>Low blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone functions to increase free fatty acid release?

    <p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of insulin?

    <p>Promote glucose uptake by cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the secretion of insulin from the beta cells?

    <p>High blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of GLP-1 mediated insulin release?

    <p>Increase glucose-stimulated insulin release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of somatostatin in pancreatic function?

    <p>Inhibit insulin and glucagon release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of SGLT2 inhibitors?

    <p>Decrease renal glucose reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of thiazolidinediones (glitazones)?

    <p>Decrease insulin resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of DPP-4 inhibitors?

    <p>Increase insulin secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of insulin glargine (Lantus®)?

    <p>Long-acting insulin analog</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of metformin?

    <p>Decrease hepatic glucose production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of sulfonylureas?

    <p>Increase insulin secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the incretin hormones?

    <p>Increase glucose-stimulated insulin release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of insulin resistance?

    <p>Decrease peripheral glucose uptake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of glucagon and GLP-1?

    <p>Increase insulin release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of insulin therapy with basal insulins?

    <p>Manage fasting and between-meal glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

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