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What were some of the ideological currents at work in China during the 1830s?
What were some of the ideological currents at work in China during the 1830s?
The text states that ideological currents were at work in China during the 1830s, but it does not specify what those currents were.
How did the contradiction between state planning and private commercial capitalism affect China's economy?
How did the contradiction between state planning and private commercial capitalism affect China's economy?
The text states that there was a contradiction between state planning and private commercial capitalism in China's economy, but it does not provide details on the impact of this contradiction.
What were some of the characteristics of China's circumstances in 1840 and how did they shape modern China?
What were some of the characteristics of China's circumstances in 1840 and how did they shape modern China?
The text states that the characteristics of China's circumstances in 1840 and modern China stem from the conjunction of an internal crisis and an external crisis of Westerners determined to open China during the Industrial Revolution. However, it does not provide specific details on what those characteristics were or how they shaped modern China.
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Study Notes
- The Opium Wars and the change in Chinese history cannot be solely attributed to Chinese stagnation and Western dynamism.
- China had developed slowly over the ages, with progress in agriculture and demographic patterns under the Ming and Qing dynasties.
- The machinery of state evolved steadily, including the creation of the "single whip" tax and the formation of the Grand Council.
- Ideological currents were at work in China in the 1830s.
- The economy had a contradiction between state planning and private commercial capitalism.
- Government authority was weakening, services were deteriorating, and social tension was mounting in rural areas.
- The internal crisis combined with an external crisis of Westerners determined to open China during the Industrial Revolution.
- The characteristics of China's circumstances in 1840 and modern China stem from the conjunction of these two crises.
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