12 Questions
What is the approximate ratio of glial cells to neurons in the human brain?
1:1
Which of the following is NOT a function of the Parasympathetic Nervous System?
Prepare the body for stress
Which cranial nerve is responsible for facial expressions?
Facial nerve
What is the main function of the Somatic Nervous System?
Control the skeletal muscles for deliberately produced body functions
Which cranial nerve is responsible for the sense of smell?
Olfactory nerve
What is the primary function of the Vagus nerve?
Breathing, blood circulation and digestion
What is the primary function of the nervous system?
To control and coordinate all essential functions of the body
Which of the following is NOT a component of the nervous system?
Cardiovascular System
What is the primary function of sensory neurons?
To monitor changes inside and outside the body
Which of the following is NOT a function of the nervous system?
Respiratory function
What is the role of glial cells in the nervous system?
To provide support, nutrition, and homeostasis
Which of the following is a subdivision of the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic Nervous System
Study Notes
The Nervous System
- The master controlling and communicating system of the body, controlling and coordinating all essential functions.
- Consists of the Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
Functions of the Nervous System
- Sensory Function: monitors changes inside and outside the body using millions of sensory receptors, gathering information called Sensory input.
- Integrative Function: processes and interprets information from sensory, motor, or mixed nerves, making decisions about what to do.
- Motor Function: sends information to muscles, glands, and organs to respond correctly, such as muscular contraction or glandular secretions.
Cells of the Nervous System
- Neurons: specialized cells transmitting nerve impulses.
- Glial cells: non-neuronal cells providing support, nutrition, and maintenance, with an estimated equal number to neurons in the human brain.
Structural Classification of the Nervous System
- Central Nervous System (CNS): consists of the brain and spinal cord, acting as integrating and command centers.
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): consists of nerves connecting the CNS to every other part of the body, with 12 pairs of Cranial Nerves and 31 pairs of Spinal Nerves.
Divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System
- Autonomic Nervous System: controls automatic body functions, such as saliva production, breathing, and digestion, using motor and sensory neurons.
- Somatic Nervous System: controls deliberately produced body functions, such as skeletal muscles, using motor and sensory neurons.
Functional Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System
- Sympathetic Nervous System: stimulates internal organs, preparing the body for stress.
- Parasympathetic Nervous System: inhibits internal organs, bringing things back to normal.
Cranial Nerves and their Functions
- Olfactory nerves: smell
- Optic nerves: vision
- Oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens: eye movements
- Trigeminal nerves: jaw movements and facial sensation
- Facial nerves: facial expressions
- Auditory nerves: sound
- Glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal nerves: tasting, chewing, and swallowing
- Vagus nerves: breathing, blood circulation, and digestion
- Spinal accessory nerves: detect changes in neck and back muscles
Explore the central and peripheral nervous system, as well as the functions of the nervous system such as sensory functions. Learn about the brain, spinal cord, somatic and autonomic nervous system.
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